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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population

From: The association of reduced left ventricular strains with increased extracellular volume and their collective impact on clinical outcomes

 

Diseased patients (N = 259)

Normal controls (N = 21)

P-value

Clinical data

   

Age (years)

54 (13)

44 (15)

0.001

Male

196 (76)

13 (62)

0.163

Body surface area (m2)

2.06 (0.24)

1.86 (0.21)

 < 0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2)

29.4 (5.1)

24.9 (3.2)

 < 0.001

Heart rate (bpm)

68 (13)

69 (13)

0.711

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

131 (190

119 (13)

0.019

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

75 (11)

71 (12)

0.209

Smoking history

91 (36)

6 (32)

0.718

History of heart failure

84 (33)

0 (0)

0.003

History of coronary artery disease

48 (19)

0 (0)

0.038

Hypertension

124 (49)

0 (0)

 < 0.001

Hyperlipidemia

124 (49)

0 (0)

 < 0.001

Diabetes

44 (17)

0 (0)

0.047

Function and structure

   

LV end diastolic volume (ml/m2)

84 (24)

75 (13)

0.090

LV end systolic volume (ml/m2)

43 (21)

33 (7)

0.043

LV ejection fraction (%)

51 (11)

56 (4)

0.042

LV ejection fraction < 50%

93 (36)

0 (0)

 < 0.001

LV mass (g/m2)

61 (15)

51 (10)

0.004

RV ejection fraction (%)

53 (9)

55 (4)

0.283

Diagnosis

   

Ischemic cardiomyopathy

29 (11)

0 (0)

 

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

30 (12)

0 (0)

 

Dilated cardiomyopathy

81 (31)

0 (0)

 

Infiltrative cardiomyopathy

31 (12)

0 (0)

 

Myocarditis

17 (7)

0 (0)

 

Valvular disease

28 (11)

0 (0)

 

Other myocardial diseasea

43 (17)

0 (0)

 

No significant findings

0 (0)

21 (100)

 

Tissue characterization

   

Late gadolinium enhancement

125 (48)

0

 < 0.001

Native T1 (ms)

990 (42)

981 (28)

0.356

Post-contrast T1 (ms)

482 (39)

498 (31)

0.087

Extracellular volume (%)

27.7 (5.1)

25.9 (2.6)

0.108

Strain

   

Global longitudinal strain (%)

− 10.5 (3.5)

− 13.5 (1.9)

 < 0.001

Global circumferential strain (%)

− 12.9 (4.1)

− 16.2 (2.4)

 < 0.001

Global radial strain (%)

19.6 (8.3)

25.9 (5.8)

 < 0.001

  1. Presented as mean (standard deviation) or n (%)
  2. LV left ventricle, RV right ventricle
  3. aOther myocardial disease includes regional or global left ventricular hypertrophy, non-infarct pattern of late gadolinium enhancement, and significant left ventricular or left atrial dilation