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Table 2 Multiparametric TTE classification of MR: TTE, standard, and 4D flow CMR values

From: Quantification of regurgitation in mitral valve prolapse with four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance

 

Control (6)

MR group (54)

MR Grade 1 + /2 + (12)

MR Grade 3 + (12)

MR Grade 4 + (30)

Echocardiographic parameters

    

LVEDV, ml

133 ± 28

175 ± 67

133 ± 44@

140 ± 37@

206 ± 69

LVESV, ml

48 ± 9

58 ± 28

52 ± 21

44 ± 13

67 ± 33

LVEF, %

64 ± 4

67 ± 7

61 ± 6#@

68 ± 6

68 ± 6

LVOT SV, ml

80 ± 2

71 ± 16

73 ± 14

80 ± 13

67 ± 17

EROA, cm2 *

n.a

0.49 ± 0.28

0.16 ± 0.13#@

0.36 ± 0.09@

0.68 ± 0.22

RVol, ml *

n.a

73 ± 39

22 ± 16#@

54 ± 8@

101 ± 25

RF, % *

n.a

47 ± 18

21 ± 10#@

40 ± 4@

60 ± 8

Vena contracta, cm

n.a

0.62 ± 0.29

0.29 ± 0.15#@

0.60 ± 0.09@

0.76 ± 0.09

E wave, m/s

0.77 ± 0.21

1.36 ± 0.38§

0.92 ± 0.19#@

1.22 ± 0.16@

1.58 ± 0.31

PW Doppler parameters

    

MV SV, ml

84 ± 3

139 ± 42§

96 ± 27#@

124 ± 16@

163 ± 38

RVol, ml

3 ± 3

69 ± 42§

22 ± 17#@

48 ± 13@

96 ± 36

RF, %

4 ± 3

45 ± 18§

21 ± 12#@

38 ± 7@

58 ± 11

CMR parameters

    

LVEDV, ml

169 ± 24

220 ± 71§

172 ± 50@

186 ± 45@

254 ± 70

LVESV, ml

66 ± 12

85 ± 38§

70 ± 36

68 ± 25

98 ± 39

LV SV, ml

103 ± 14

135 ± 38§

102 ± 24@

117 ± 23@

156 ± 35

LVEF, %

63 ± 5

62 ± 7

61 ± 10

64 ± 7

62 ± 6

Aorta forward flow, ml

98 ± 12

78 ± 21§

82 ± 19

80 ± 16

76 ± 23

Aorta net flow (SV), ml

97 ± 11

74 ± 19§

77 ± 19

74 ± 12

72 ± 22

RVol, ml

5 ± 4

57 ± 34§

21 ± 16#@

37 ± 11@

80 ± 26

RF, %

4 ± 3

41 ± 17§

20 ± 13#@

33 ± 7@

53 ± 11

4D flow CMR (indirect)

    

MV SV, ml

93 ± 16

124 ± 39

99 ± 25@

119 ± 23

135 ± 44

LVOT net flow (SV), ml

86 ± 15

68 ± 16§

73 ± 13

77 ± 9@

62 ± 17

RVol, ml **

7 ± 6

56 ± 35§

26 ± 16#@

43 ± 16@

73 ± 36

RF, % **

7 ± 6

42 ± 16§

24 ± 11#@

35 ± 6@

52 ± 13

4D flow CMR (direct)

    

RVol, ml ***

n.a

51 ± 25

28 ± 12@

43 ± 15

59 ± 25

RF, % ***

n.a

40 ± 16

25 ± 9@

35 ± 9

46 ± 16

  1. TTE transthoracic echocardiography, MR mitral valve regurgitation, CMR cardiac magnetic resonance, LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume, LVESV left ventricular end-systolic volume, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVOT left ventricular outflow tract, SV stroke volume, EROA effective regurgitant orifice area, RVol regurgitant volume (MR), RF regurgitant fraction (MR), PW pulse-wave, MV mitral valve. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. *2D-PISA method (n = 54). **4D flow indirect (n = 60) and ***direct (n = 46) method. Differences reached statistical significance with: § control, # group “MR grade 3 + ”, and @ group “MR grade 4 + ”
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Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

ISSN: 1532-429X

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