Fig. 1

Pressure gradient (ΔP) at rest and exercise with correlations to exercise capacity. a Mean ΔP at rest and exercise are significantly different (p < 0.001) shown with line at mean value, box boundaries at 25th and 75th percentiles, and whiskers at minimum and maximum values. b ΔP did not correlate with VO2 max at rest or exercise (R = − 0.11, p = 0.68; R = − 0.09, p = 0.74; respectively)