Table 1 Description of Subjects

Female

32

7

Heart failure—left bundle branch block

–

9

Ischemic heart disease

–

3

Amyloidosis

–

4

Cardiomyopathy with low EF

–

3

Atrial fibrillation

–

1

Hypertension

1

Age (years)

31 ± 10

62 ± 11*

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)¹

121 ± 14

127 ± 16

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)¹

67 ± 7

77 ± 10*

Heart Rate¹

68 ± 12

65 ± 7

LV end-diastolic volume (ml)²

142 ± 28

166 ± 57

LV end-systolic volume (ml)²

63 ± 14

82 ± 54

LV Ejection fraction (%)²

56 ± 5

54 ± 13

End-systolic E_cc

− 0.18 ± 0.03

− 0.15 ± 0.05*

Basal

− 0.16 ± 0.02

− 0.14 ± 0.05*

Mid

− 0.18 ± 0.02

− 0.16 ± 0.05*

Apex

− 0.20 ± 0.03

− 0.16 ± 0.06*

End-systolic E_ll

− 0.15 ± 0.02

− 0.14 ± 0.04

End-systolic E_rr

0.35 ± 0.16

0.28 ± 0.15*

Basal

0.38 ± 0.16

0.33 ± 0.17

Mid

0.33 ± 0.14

0.27 ± 0.12

Apex

0.32 ± 0.17

0.24 ± 0.14

Torsion (°/cm)

2.79 ± 0.75

2.43 ± 1.56