Fig. 2

Streamline representation of blood flow in the TCPC is shown for two representative female extracardiac Fontan patients with a 16 mm Goretex conduit (left panel) for the first phase of the cardiac cycle. Corresponding spatial distribution of KE and EL is shown (middle panels). The time-averaged normalized energetics values are indicated above. Whole liver cT1 mapping is shown for a transversal slice (right panel). Note how a strong difference in blood flow velocity is present at the level of the extracardiac conduit which is strongly correlated to the areas of increased KE and EL. Patient A: 17 years old, double inlet left ventricle + transposition of the great arteries, BSA 1.5. Patient B: 18 years old, tricuspid atresia, BSA 1.8). BSA, body surface area; KE, kinetic energy; EL, viscous energy loss rate; cT1, iron-corrected T1 mapping; RPA/LPA, right/left pulmonary artery; SVC, superior vena cava