Table 1 Baseline characteristics and CMR results of HCM patients and healthy controls
|  | HCM (n = 290) | Healthy controls (n = 30) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 52 ± 15 | 54 ± 15 | 0.70 |
Male, n (%) | 215 (74%) | 23 (77%) | 0.83 |
Body mass index (kg/m.2) | 28 ± 5 | 26 ± 7 | 0.12 |
Clinical history, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
 Smoking | 52 (17%) |  −  |  |
 Hypertension | 86 (30%) |  −  |  |
 Diabetes | 22.0 (78%) |  −  |  |
 Atrial fibrillation | 18 (6%) |  −  |  |
LVOT gradient > 30 mmHg | 52 (17%) |  |  |
NYHA class I, II, III, IV (%) | 223, 47, 19,1 (77, 16, 7, 1) | – |  |
ACC/AHA SCD Major Risk (0, 1, 2, 3) | 200, 73, 16, 1 (69,25,6,1) | Â | Â |
ESC 5 year SCD risk | 2.2 ± 1.6 |  |  |
Medications, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
 Aspirin | 91 (31%) |  −  |  |
 ACE-I/ARB | 68 (23%) |  −  |  |
 Beta-blockers | 148 (51%) |  −  |  |
 Calcium channel blockers | 64 (22%) |  −  |  |
 Diuretics | 10 (3%) |  −  |  |
 Amiodarone | 18 (6%) |  −  |  |
 Digoxin | 47 (12%) |  −  |  |
 Oral anticoagulants | 26 (8%) |  −  |  |
CMR results | Â | Â | Â |
 RVEDV (ml) | 152 ± 42 | 162 ± 44 | 0.70 |
 RVESV (ml) | 56 ± 20 | 55 ± 20 | 0.77 |
 RVSV (ml) | 96 ± 27 | 107 ± 27 | 0.04 |
 RVEF (%) | 63 ± 7 | 66 ± 6 | 0.02 |
 RV mass (g) | 38 ± 11 | 26 ± 75 |  < 0.001 |
 RV mass index (g/m.2) | 19 ± 4 | 14 ± 3 |  < 0.001 |
 Maximum RV wall thickness | 6.7 ± 1.7 | 3.9 ± 0.8 |  < 0.001 |
 RV LGE present | 8 (3%) | 0 | – |
 Crista supraventricularis | 32 (11%) | – | – |
 RV peak radial strain (%) | 19.3 ± 6.4 | 23.8 ± 6.8 | 0.004 |
 RV peak circumferential strain (%) | − 11.9 ± 3.2 | − 14.2 ± 3.4 |  < 0.001 |
 RV peak longitudinal strain (%) | − 19.5 ± 4.1 | − 22.1 ± 3.0 | 0.001 |
 LGE present, n | 23 (77%) | 0 | – |
 LGE mass, g | 17 (IQR 7–26) | – | – |
 LVEDV (ml) | 144 ± 37 | 153 ± 39 | 0.21 |
 LVESV (ml) | 45 ± 16 | 50 ± 14 | 0.067 |
 LVSV (ml) | 100 ± 25 | 97 ± 26 | 0.51 |
 LVEF (%) | 70 ± 6 | 67 ± 5 | 0.03 |
 LV mass (g) | 160 ± 52 | 106 ± 24 |  < 0.001 |
 LV mass index (g/m2) | 80 ± 23 | 55 ± 11 |  < 0.001 |
 Maximal LV wall thickness (mm) | 20.0 ± 4.2 | 9.7 ± 1.8 |  < 0.001 |
 LV peak radial strain (%) | 34.7 ± 11.48 | 36.7 ± 6.4 |  < 0.001 |
 LV peak circumferential strain (%) | −15.3 ± 4.2 | −20.5 ± 2.5 |  < 0.001 |
 LV peak longitudinal strain (%) | −18.1 ± 3.8 | −19.2 ± 1.9 | 0.009 |