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Table 3 JCMR preferred abbreviations

From: 2021–2022 state of our JCMR

3D

Three-dimensional

4Ch

Four chamber

4D

Four-dimensional

4DF

Four-dimensional flow

6MWT

Six minute walk test

A

Area

A2C

Apical two chamber

A4C

Apical four chamber

AA

Aortic arch

AA

Adductor artery

AAA

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

AAo

Ascending aorta

AAOCA

Anomalous aortic origin of the coronary arteries

AAP

American academy of pediatrics

AAR

Area at risk

ABI

Ankle-brachial index

AC

Arrhythmic cardiomyopathy

ACA

Anterior cerebral artery

ACAOS

Anomalous coronary artery origin from the opposite sinus

ACAR

Acute cardiac allograft rejection

ACC

American College of Cardiology

ACCF

American College of Cardiology Foundation

ACDC

Automated Cardiac Diagnosis Challenge

ACEI

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor

aCNR

Apparent contrast-to-noise ratio

ACS

Acute coronary syndrome

ACR

American College of Radiology

ACR

Acute cardiac rejection

ACS

Acute coronary syndrome

AD

Aortic distensibility

AD

Aortic dissection

ADAM

Adaptive moment estimation algorithm

ADC

Apparent diffusion coefficientddddddddddd

ADMM

Alternating direction method of multipliers

ADP

Adenosine diphosphate

ADT

Appropriate device therapy

AE

Adverse event

AF

Atrial fibrillation

AF

Atlas Forests

AFD

Anderson-Fabry disease

AFP

Adiabatic full passage

AG

Attention gates

AHA

American Heart Association

AHP

Adiabatic half passage

AI

Artificial intelligence

AIC

Akaike’s information criteria

AIF

Arterial input function

AIM

Annular inflow method

AKI

Acute kidney injury

AL

Amyloid light chain

ALM

Appendicular lean mass

ALSA

Aberrant left subclavian artery

aLV

Apical left ventricle

AM

Acute myocarditis

AMA

American Medical Association

AMI

Acute myocardial infarction

AML

Anterior mitral leaflet

AMR

Antibody mediated rejection

ANCA

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody

ANCOVA

Analysis of covariance

ANOVA

Analysis of variance

AOA

Anatomic orifice area

AoR

Aortic root

AP

Anterior–posterior

AP

Aorto-pulmonary

ApA

Apical angle

APC

Aortopulmonary collateral

APEF

Apical ejection fraction

APMHR

Age predicted maximal heart rate

APVD

Anomalous pulmonary venous drainage

ARB

Angiotensin receptor blocker

ARD

Autoimmune rheumatic diseases

ARDS

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

ARoot

Aortic root

ART

Antiretroviral therapy

ARVC

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy

AS

Aortic stenosis

aSNR

Apparent signal-to-noise ratio

ASD

Atrial septal defect

ASD

Average surface distance

ASE

American Society of Echocardiography

ASI

Aortic size index

ASL

Arterial spin labeling

ASNC

American Society of Nuclear Cardiology

ASO

Arterial switch operation

AT2R

Angiotensin 2 receptor

AT1R

Angiotensin 1 receptor

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate

ATP

Antitachycardia pacing

ATTR

Amyloid transthyrein (amyloidosis)

AUC

Appropriate use criteria

AUC

Area under the curve

AVA

Aortic valve area

AVAI

Aortic valve area index

AVC

Arrhythmic ventricular cardiomyopathy

AVC

Aortic valve closure

AVI

Aorto-vertebral interface

AVM

Arteriovenous malformation

AVO2

Arteriovenous oxygen

AVPD

Atrioventricular plane descent

AVR

Aortic valve replacement

AVVR

Atrioventricular valve regurgitation

BA

Basilar artery

BAV

Bicuspid aortic valve

BB

Black blood

BB

Bright blood

BBTI

Black blood thrombus imaging

BCA

Brachiocephalic artery

BCS

Blind compressed sensing

BCW

Backwards compression wave

BDG

Bidirectional Glenn

BH

Breath hold

BIC

Bayesian information criteria

BiPAP

Bi-level positive airway pressure

BiV

Biventricular

bLV

Basal left ventricle

BMC

Blood-to-myocardial contrast

BMD

Becker muscular dystrophy

BMI

Body mass index

BMV

Bioprosthetic mitral valve

BNP

Brain natriuretic peptide

BOLD

Blood-oxygen dependent contrast

BOOST

Bright-blood and black-blOOd phase SensiTive inversion recovery

BP

Blood pressure

BPD

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

BPM

Beats per minute

BSA

Body surface area

bSSFP

Balanced steady state free precession

BUN

Blood urea nitrogen

Bvf

Fractional tissue blood volume per cardiac tissue volume

BW

Band width

BW

Body weight

C

Compacted

C-SENSE

Compressed sensitivity encoding

CA

Cardiac amyloidosis

CAA

Coronary artery anomaly

CAA

Coronary artery aneurysm

CABG

Coronary artery bypass graft

CAC

Coronary artery calcification

CAD

Coronary artery disease

CAP

Cardiac Atlas Project

CATCH

Coronary atherosclerosis T1w characterization with integrated anatomic reference

CAV

Coronary allograft vasculopathy

CAVI

Cardio-ankle vascular index

CBC

Complete blood count

CBCMR

Certification Board of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

CBF

Coronary blood flow

CCA

Common carotid artery

CCMRA

Coronary cardiovascular magnetic resonance angiography

ccTGA

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries

CDC

United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

cDTI

Cardiac diffusion tensor imaging

CE

Contrast enhanced

CE

Cholesterol esthers

CE

Cardiac events

CE

Conformité Européenne

CE

Continuing education

CE-MARC

Clinical Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Coronary Heart Disease

CEA

Carotid endarterectomy

CEA

Cost effectiveness analysis

CEF

Coronary endothelial function

CEP

Clinical end-point

CETP

Cholesterylester transfer protein

cf-PWV

Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity

CF

Center frequency

CFA

Common femoral artery

cFA

Compartment fractional anisotropy

CFD

Computational flow dynamics

CFR

Coronary flow reserve

CHD

Congenital heart disease

CHESS

Chemical shift selective saturation

CHIP

Coronary hyper-intense plaque

CI

Confidence interval

CI

Cardiac index

CIA

Common iliac artery

CIC

Cardiac iron concentration

CIED

Cardiac implanted electronic device

CIF

Cumulative incidence function

CircE

Circulatory efficiency

CK

Creatine kinase

CKD

Chronic kidney disease

CLIO

Cross-linked iron oxide

cMD

Compartment mean diffusivity

CMD

Coronary microvascular dysfunction

CME

Continuing medical education

CMET

Cardiac metastases

CMP

Central mean pressure

CMP

Cardiomyopathy

CMR 

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance

CMRA

Coronary magnetic resonance angiography

CMRA

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance angiography

CMRS

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy

CMRV

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance venography

CMS

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

CMV

Cytomegalovirus

CNN

Convolutional neural networks

CNR

Contrast-to-noise ratio

CNS

Central nervous system

CO

Cardiac output

COeff

Effective cardiac output

CoA

Coarctation of aorta

COCATS

Core Cardiovascular Training Statement

CoG

Center of gravity

CoM

Center of mass

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

COR

Class of recommendation

CorCTA

Coronary computed tomography angiography

COSMOS

Calculation of susceptibility through a multiple-oreintation sampling

CoV

Coefficient of variation

COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019

CP

Circulatory power

CPET

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing

CPK

Creatine phosphokinase

CPO

Cardiac power output

CPR

Curved planar reconstruction

Cr

Creatinine

CR

Contrast ratio

CRF

Cardiorespiratory fitness

CRP

C-reactive protein

CRT

Cardiac resynchronization therapy

CS

Compressed sensing

CS

Coronary sinus

CS

Circumferential strain

CSA

Cross-sectional area

CSBF

Coronary sinus blood flow

CSDE

Chemical shift displacement error

CSF

Cerebral spinal fluid

CSI

Chemical shift imaging

CSPAMM

Complementary spatial modulation of magnetization

CT

Computed tomography

CT-FT

Computed tomography feature tracking

cT1

Corrected T1

CTA

Computed tomography angiography

CTD

Connective tissue disease

CTEPH

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

cTn

Cardiac troponin

CTO

Chronic total occlusion

CTRCD

Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction

CuCo

Cusp to commissure

CuCu

Cusp to cusp

CV

Cardiovascular

CVA

Cerebrovascular attack

cVAE

Conditional variational autoencoder

CVD

Cardiovascular disease

CVF

Collagen volume fraction

CVO

Combined ventricular output

CVP

Central venous pressure

CVR

Cerebrovascular resistance

D

Distance

D-TGA

Dextro-transposition of the great arteries

dAA

Distal aortic arch

dAA

Distal ascending aorta

DA

Descending aorta

DAA

Double aortic arch

DB

Dark blood

DBP

Diastolic blood pressure

DC

Distensibility coefficient

DC

Diagnostic confidence

DCE

Dynamic contrast enhancement

DCI

Diffusion compartment imaging

DCM

Dilated cardiomyopathy

DCMR

Dobutamine stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance

DCMRL

Dynamic contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance lymphangiography

DCS

Diastolic circumferential strain

DD

Ductus diverticulum

dDA

Distal descending aorta

dDNP

Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization

De

Dean number

DENSE

Displacement encoding with stimulated echoes

DESPOT

Driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T1

DEXA

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

DICOM

Digital imaging and communications in medicine

DIF

Diffuse interstitial fibrosis

DIR

Double inversion recovery

DIRV

Double inlet right ventricle

DL

Deep learning

DLCO

Diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide

DLV

Dominant left ventricle

DM

Diabetes mellitus

DMD

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

DMF

Diffuse myocardial fibrosis

dNAV

Diaphragmatic navigator

DORV

Double outlet right ventricle

DRA

Dark rim artifact

DRV

Dominant right ventricle

DSA

Digital subtraction angiography

DSA

Donor specific antibodies

DSC

Dice similarity coefficient

DSE

Dobutamine stress echocardiography

DORV

Double outlet right ventricle

dp-SIR

Dentate nucleus to pons signal intensity ratio

DRA

Dark rim artifact

DRAPR

Deep learning radial acceleration with parallel reconstruction

DSA

Digital subtraction angiography

DSC

DICE similarity coefficient

DSS

Dahl salt-sensitive

DSVR

Deformable slice to volume registration

DTA

Descending thoracic aorta

DTI

Diffusion tensor imaging

DUS

Doppler ultrasound

DTPA

Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid

DTW

Dynamic time warp

DVQ

Diastolic vorticity quotient

DVD

Double vessel disease

DVT

Deep venous thrombosis

DW

Diffusion weighted

DW

Dry weight

DWI

Diffusion weighted imaging

E2A

Secondary eigenvector

e’

Early diastolic velocity

Ea

Effective elastance

Ea

Arterial elastance

EACVI

European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging

EAM

Electroanatomic map

EBV

Epstein-Barr virus

ECA

External carotid artery

Ecc

Circumferential strain

ECC

Extracardiac conduit

ECF

Extracellular fluid

ECG

Electrocardiogram

ECM

Extracellular matrix

ECMO

Extracorpeal membrane oxygenation

ECV

Extracellular volume fraction

ECVm

Measured extracellular volume fraction

ECVsyn

Synthetic extracellular volume fraction

ED

End-diastole

EDD

End-diastolic dimension

EDS

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

EDV

End-diastolic volume

EDVI

End-diastolic volume index

EED

Endocardial edge delineation

EEM

External elastic membrane

Ees

End-systolic elastance

EF

Ejection fraction

EF

Emptying fraction

EF1

First phase ejection fraction

eCNR

Estimated contrast-to-noise ratio

EGE

Early gadolinium enhancement

EGEr

Early gadolinium enhancement ratio

eGFR

Estimated glomerular filtration rate

EGPA

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

EI

Eccentricity index

EL

Energy loss

ELBO

Evidence lower bound

Ell

Longitudinal strain

EMA

European Medicines Agency

Emax

Maximal end-systolic elastance

EMB

Endomyocardial biopsy

EMG

Electromyogram

EMI

Electromagnetic interference

EMS

Emergency medical services

ENDO

Endocardium/endocardial

ENMC

European Neuromuscular Centre

EOA

Effective orifice area

EOAI

Effective orifice area index

EP

Electrophysiological

EPI

Echoplanar imaging

EPI

Epicardium/epicardial

EQ

Energy quotient

EROA

Effective regurgitant orifice area

Err

Radial strain

ERS

European Respiratory Society

ES

End-systole

ES

Edge sharpness

ES

Eisenmenger syndrome

ESC

European Society of Cardiology

ESCR

European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology

ESD

End-systolic dimension

ESFS

End-systolic fiber stress

ERS

European Respiratory Society

ESMA

Elastin specific magnetic resonance agent

ESNR

Estimated signal-to-noise ratio

ESPVR

End-systolic pressure volume relationship

ESR

European Society of Radiology

ESRD

End-stage renal disease

ESSsep

End-systolic septal strain

ESV

End-systolic volume

ESVI

End-systolic volume index

ESWS

End-systolic wall stress

ETA

Elongated transverse aortic arch

ETL

Echo train length

EWA

Expectation maximization weighted algorithm

Ex-CMR

Exercise stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance

FA

Flip angle

FA

Fatty acid

FA

Fractional anisotropy

FAC

Fractional area change

FB

Free breathing

FBG

Fasting blood glucose

FC

Fibrous cap

FCN

Fully convolutional neural network

FCNN

Fully connected neural network

FCR

Fibrous cap rupture

FCR

Flow convergence region

FCSA

Fast composite splitting algorithm

FCW

Forward compression wave

FD

Flow diverter

FD

Fractal dimension

FDA

United States Food and Drug Administration

FE

Ferumoxytol enhanced

FED

Fibroelastic deficiency

FEV1

Forced expiratory volume

FID

Free induction decay

FDA

United States Food and Drug Administration

FDG

Fluorodeoxyglucose

FEV1

Forced expiratory volume in one second

FFE

Fast field echo

FFR

Fractional flow reserve

FFT

Fast Fourier transform

FFTO

Fontan fenestration test occlusion

FFV

Forward flow volume

FGP

Fast gradient projection

FH

Foot-head

FH

Family history

FHS

Framingham Heart Study

FIDDLE

Flow independent dark-blood delayed enhancement

FIRE

Framework for image reconstruction

FISTA

Fast iterative shrinkage-threshold algorithm

FL

False lumen

FLAIR

Fluid attenuated inversion recovery

FLASH

Fast low angle shot

FLEF

False lumen ejection fraction

FM

First order moment

fMRI

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

FN

False negative

fNAV

Focused navigation

FOV

Field-of-view

FP

False positive

FPP

First pass perfusion

FPR

False positive rate

FS

Fat saturation

FS

Fractional shortening

FSHD1

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1

FSE

Fast spin echo

FSL

Spin lock frequency

FT

Fourier transform

FT

Feature tracking

FTAAD

Familial Thoracic Aortic aneurysms and dissection syndrome

FVC

Forced vital capacity

FW

Free wall

FWHM

Full width at half maximum

FWLS

Free wall longitudinal strain

GA

Gestational age

GAN

Generative adversarial network

GBCA

Gadolinium based contrast agent

GBM

Gradient boosting machine

GC-LOLA

Gradient controlled local Larmor adjustment

GCS

Global circumferential strain

GCSR

Global circumferential strain rate

Gd

Gadolinium

GDMT

Goal directed medical therapy

GFA

Generalized fractional anisotropy

GLCM

Gray-level co-occurrence matrix

GLRLM

Gray-level run-length matrix

GLM

General linear models

GLS

Global longitudinal strain

GLSR

Global longitudinal strain rate

GPAC

Global Physical Activity Questionnaire

GPU

Graphical processor units

GQI

Generalized Q-space imaging

Grad-CAM

Gradient-weighted class activation mapping

GRAPPA

Generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition

GraSE

Gradient and spin echo

GRASP

Golden angle radial sparse parallel

GRE

Gradient recalled echo

GRS

Global radial strain

GS

Golden-step

GSS

Global severity score

GT

Ground truth

GWAS

Genome wide association study

H&E

Hematoxylin and eosin

HA

Helix angle

HARP

Harmonic phase magnetic resonance

HASTE

Half-Fourier single shot turbo spin echo

Hb

Hemoglobin

HbA1c

Hemoglobin A1c

HCM

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Hct

Hematocrit

HCTsyn

Synthetic hematocrit

Hd

Helical density

HD

Housdorff distance

HDL

High density lipoprotein

HDPE

High-density polyethylene

HE

Hematoxylin and eosin

HEIDI

Homogeneity-enabled incremental dipole inversion

HES

Hyperesoinophilic syndrome

HF

Heart failure

HFI

Helical flow index

HFmrEF

Heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction

HFpEF

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

HFrEF

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Hb

Hemoglobin

HFR

Holodiastolic flow reversal

HHD

Hypertensive heart disease

HHFP

Hypertension-associated heart failure in pregnancy

HHV

Human herpes virus

HIP

High intensity plaque

HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus

HIVAC

Human immunodeficiency virus associated cardiomyopathy

HLA

Horizontal long axis

HLHS

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

HOCM

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

HOMA-IR

Homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance

HP

Hyperpolarized

HPF

High-power field

HPLHS

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

HR

Heart rate

HR

Hazard ratio

HR

High resolution

HR-VWI

High resolution vessel wall imaging

HRS

Heart Rhythm Society

HS

High salt

hsCRP

High sensitivity c-reactive protein

hs-cT

High sensitivity cardiac troponin

hs-cTnI

High sensitivity cardiac troponin I

hs-cTnT

High sensitivity cardiac troponin T

HSCT

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

HU

Hounsfield units

HV

Hepatic vein

HW

Heart weight

I/R

Ischemia/reperfusion

IAA

Infrarenal abdominal aorta

IAD

Intracranial artery dissection

ICA

Internal carotid artery

ICA

Iodinated contrast agent

ICA

Invasive coronary angiography

ICC

Intraclass correlation coefficient

ICD

Implanted cardiodefibrillator

ICE

Intracardiac echocardiography

ICE

Image reconstruction environment

ICM

Ischemic cardiomyopathy

iCMR

Invasive cardiovascular magnetic resonance

ICTP

Type I collagen C terminal telopeptide

ICU

Intensive care unit

IDI

Integrative discrimination index

IF

Immunofluorescence

IFG

Impaired fasting glucose

iFR

Instantaneous wave-free ratio

IFT

Inverse Fourier transform

IHC

Immunohistochemical

IHD

Ischemic heart disease

IHG

Isometric hand grip

IIM

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy

ILT

Intraluminal thrombus

IMCL

Intramyocardial lipids

IMH

Intramyocardial hemorrhage

iNAV

Image-based navigator

INCA study

Impact of Non-invasive CMR Assessment

iNO

Inhaled nitric oxide

INOCA

Ischemia with no obstructive coronary arteries

INR

International normalized ratio

IO

Iron overload

IOC

Iron overload cardiomyopathy

IoU

Intersection over union

IPAH

Idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension

IPH

Intraplaque hemorrhage

iPTH

Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone

IQ

Image quality

IQA

Image quality assessment

IQR

Interquartile range

IR

Inversion recovery

IRF

Impulse response function

IRF

In-plane rotational flow

IRSE

Inversion recovery spin echo

IRSF

Inversion recovery snapshot flash

ISFsep-lat

Internal stretch factor

ISHLT

International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation

ISMRMRD

International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Raw Data

ISO

Isotropic diffusion component

IV

Intravenous

IVIG

Intravenous gamma immunoglobulin

IVMD

Interventricular mechanical delay

IVUS

Intravascular ultrasound

IVC

Inferior vena cava

IVS

Interventricular septum

IVST

Interventricular septal thickness

IVUS

Intravascular ultrasound

JSENSE

Joint image reconstruction and sensitivity estimation in sensitivity encoding

Kat-ARC

K-adaptive-t autocalibrating reconstruction for cartesian sampling

KD

Kawasaki disease

KE

Kinetic energy

KEiEDV

Kinetic energy normalized to left ventricular end-diastolic volume

Kt-BLAST

Kt broad linear speed up technique

L-L

Leading to leading

L-TGA

Levo-transposition of the great arties

LA

Left atrium/left atrial

LA

Long axis

LA

Left anterior

LAA

Left atrial appendage

Lac

Lactate

LAD

Left atrial descending coronary artery

LAEF

Left atrial emptying fraction

LAAEmF

Left atrial active emptying function

LAPEmF

Left atrial passive emptying function

LASSO

Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator

LATEmF

Left atrial total emptying function

LAV

Left atrial volume

LAVI

Left atrial volume index

LAVmax

Maximal left atrial volume

LAVmax-I

Maximal left atrial volume indexed to body surface area

LAVmin

Minimal left atrial volume

LAVmin-I

Minimal left atrial volume indexed to body surface area

LAx

Long axis

LBF

Lower body fat

LBBB

Left bundle branch block

LBP

Local binary patterns

LCA

Left coronary artery

LCBI

Lipid coreburden index

LCP

Leadless cardiac pacemaker

LCX

Left circumflex coronary artery

LDA

Linear discriminant analysis

LDH

Lactate dehydrogenase

LDL

Low density lipoprotein

LDS

Loeys-Dietz syndrome

LE

Loeffler’s endocarditis

LFP

Linear flip angle

LGE

Late gadolinium enhancement

LHC

Left heart catheterization

LHM

Left handed helix angle

LIPV

Left inferior pulmonary vain

LISA

Linearly increasing start-up angles

LL

Lower limit

LL

Lower limb

LLC

Lake Louise criteria

LM

Left main coronary artery

LM

Loose matrix

LMS

Lambda-Mu-Sigma

LNH

Local normalized helicity

LOA

Limits of agreement

LOE

Level of evidence

LOS

Length of stay

LOST

LOw-dimensional-structure Self-learning and Thresholding

LP

Left posterior

LP

Label propagation

LPA

Left pulmonary artery

LR

Left–right

LR

Low resolution

LR

Logistic regression

LRNC

Lipid rich necrotic core

LRP

Lipid rich plaque

LS

Longitudinal strain

LSCA

Left subclavian artery

LSPV

Left superior pulmonary vein

LT

Lateral tunnel

LV

Left ventricle/left ventricular

LVAD

Left ventricular assist device

LVEDVP

Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure

LVEDV

Left ventricular end-diastolic volume

LVEDVI

Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index

LVEF

Left ventricular ejection fraction

LVESV

Left ventricular end-systolic volume

LVM

Left ventricular mass

LVMI

Left ventricular mass index

LVMP

Left ventricular myocardial power

LVNC

Left ventricular non-compaction

LVOT

Left ventricular outflow tract

LVOTO

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction

LVRR

Left ventricular reverse remodeling

LW

Linewidth

LWD

Lung water density

M1

Middle cerebral artery

M2

Second order motion compensation

MA

Mitral annulus/mitral annular

MA

Methamphetamine-associated

MA-CMP

Metamphetamine associated cardiomyopathy

mAA

Mid-ascending aorta

MAAD

Mid ascending aorta diameter

mAAr

Mid aortic arch

MAC

Moving angle crossing

MACE

Major adverse cardiovascular event

MAD

Mitral annular disjunction

MAE

Mean absolute error

mAoP

Mean aortic pressure

MAP

Mean arterial pressure

MAPE

Mean average percentage error

MAPK

Mitogen activated protein kinase

MAPSE

Mitral annular plane systolic excursion

MaR

Myocardium at risk

MARC

Markers And Response to CRT study

maxLCBI4mm

Maximum 4-mm lipid core burden index

MBF

Myocardial blood flow

MBG

Myocardial blush grade

MBP

Mean blood pressure

MBV

Myocardial blood volume

MCA

Middle cerebral artery

MCD

Mean contour distance

MCE

Myocardial contrast echocardiography

MCF

Myocardial contraction fraction

MCP

Monocyte chemoattractant protein

MD

Mean diffusivity

MD

Muscular dystrophy

MD2

Myotonic dystrophy II

MDCT

Multidetector computed tomography

MDIR

Multislice double inversion recovery

mDixon

Modified Dixon

mDA

Mid descending aorta

MDT

Mitral deceleration time

MEDI

Morphology enabled dipole inversion

MERGE

Motion sensitized driven equilibrium rapid gradient echo

MESA

Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

MESE

Multi-echo spin echo

MeSH

Medical Subject Heading

MET

Metabolic equivalent

MFA

Myocyte fractional anisotropy

MFR

Myocardial flow reserve

MFS

Marfan syndrome

MHD

Magnetohydrodynamic effect

MI

Myocardial infarction

MICSR

Magnitude image CSPAMM

MINOCA

Myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary arteries

MIO

Myocardial iron overload

MIP

Maximal intensity projection

MIS

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome

MIS-C

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children

ML

Machine learning

MLHFQ

Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire

mLV

Mid-left ventricle

mLVEF

Mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction

MM

Mitochondrial related mutation

MMD

Myotonic muscular dystrophy

MMP

Metalloproteinases

MMRC

Modified Medical Research Council

Mn

Manganese

MO

Microvascular obstruction

MOCO

Motion corrected

MOG

Metric optimized gating

MOLLI

MOdified Look Locker Inversion recovery

MOOSE

Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology

MP

Myocardial perfusion

MP-RAGE

Magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo

MPA

Main pulmonary artery

mPAP

Mean pulmonary artery pressure

MPBF

Maldistribution of pulmonary blood flow

MPD

Maximum perpendicular distance

MPG

Mean pressure gradient

MPI

Myocardial perfusion imaging

MPO

Myeloperoxidase

MPR

Myocardial perfusion reserve

MPR

Multiplanar reconstruction/reformatting

MPRAGE

Magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo

MPRI

Myocardial perfusion reserve index

MR

Magnetic resonance

MR

Mitral regurgitation

MR-IMPACT

CMR for Myocardial Perfusion Assessment in Coronary Artery Disease

MR-INFORM

Magnetic Resonance Perfusion or Fractional Flow Researve in Coronary Artery Disease trial

MRA

Magnetic resonance angiography

mRAP

Mean right atrial pressure

MRE

Magnetic resonance elastography

MRegur

Mitral regurgitation

MRI

Magnetic resonance imaging

mRNA

Messenger RNA

MS

Mitral stenosis

MRS

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

mSASHA

Modified saturation recovery single-shot acquisition

mSAX

Midventricular short axis

MSD

Mean surface distance

MSDR

Maximum systolic deceleration rate

MSE

Mean squared error

MSI

Myocardial salvage index

MT

Magnetization transfer

MTC

Magnetization transfer contrast

mtDNA

Mitochondrial DNA

MTG

Myocardial triglyceride content

MUGA

Multi-acquisition gated angiography

MUSIC

Multiphase steady-state imaging with contrast enhancement

MV

Mitral valve

MV

Mixed venous

MVA

Mitral valve area

MVD

Microvascular disease

MVO

Microvascular obstruction

MVO2

Myocardial oxygen consumption

MVP

Mitral valve prolapse

MVPA

Moderate to vigorous physical activity

MVR

Mass volume ratio

MVR

Mitral valve repair

MVR

Mitral valve replacement

MVV

Maximal voluntary ventilation

MWS

Mid-wall striae

MWT

Maximal wall thickness

MYO

Myohemoglobin

n-SD

Number of standard deviations

NASCET

North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial

NAV

Navigator

NASCI

North American Society of Cardiovascular Imaging

NC

Non-compacted

NC

Necrotic core

NC

Non-connective tissue

NC

Non-contrast

NCS

Normalized circumferential strain

n.d

Non-dimensional

NDCM

Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy

nDNA

Nuclear DNA

NF

Net flow

NFG

Non-fasting glucose

NHS

National Health Service

NICM

Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy

NHLBI

National Heart Lung and Blood Institute

NIHSS

National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale

NIRS

Near infrared spectroscopy

NIST

National Institute of Standards and Technology laboratory

NLP

Newborn Lung Project

NO

Nitric oxide

NOS

Newclastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale

NR

Non-rigid

nRDI

Non-restricted diffusion index

NRI

Net reclassification index

NS

Non-selective

NS

Normal salt

NSF

Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis

NSTEMI

Non ST elevation myocardial infarction

NSVT

Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia

NT-pro BNP

N-terminal pro-hormone brain natriuretic peptide

NWI

Normalized wall index

NYD

Not yet diagnosed

NYHA

New York Heart Association

O–O

Outer to outer

OCT

Optical coherence tomography

OPF

Orientation distribution function

OHCA

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

OMT

Optimal medical therapy

OR

Odds ratio

ORO

Oil red O

OS

Oxygen sensitive

OSA

Obstructive sleep apnea

OSI

Oscillatory shear index

OV

Overlapping

OVS

Outer volume suppression

OXPHOS

Oxidative phosphorylation

PA

Popliteal artery

PA

Pulmonary artery

PAB

Pulmonary artery banding

PAC

Pulmonary artery compliance

PACS

Picture archiving and communication system

PAD

Peripheral arterial disease

pAF

Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

PAH

Pulmonary artery hypertension

PANDA

Principle component analysis and dictionary learning

PAP

Pulmonary artery pressure

PAPR

Powered air-purifying respirators

PAPVC

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection

PAPVR

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return

PAQ-C

Physical Activity Questionnaire for older Children

PAS

Pulmonary artery stenosis

PASC

Post-acute sequelae Covid-19

PASP

Pulmonary artery systolic pressure

PAWP

Pulmonary artery wedge pressure

PAWS

Phase-ordered automatic window selection

PBV

Pulmonary blood volume

PBVV

Pulmonary blood volume variation

PC

Phase contrast

PC

Principle component

PCA

Principal component analysis

PCA

Phase contrast angiography

PCI

Percutaneous coronary intervention

PCMR

Phase contrast magnetic resonance

PCr

Phosphocreatine

PCR

Polymerace chain reaction

PCS

Peak circumferential strain

PDA

Patent ductus arteriosus

PDA

Posterior descending coronary artery

PDF

Projection onto dipole fields

PDF

Probability distribution function

PDFF

Proton density fat fraction

PDGF

Platelet derived growth factor

PDSRC

Peak diastolic circumferential strain rate

PDSRL

Peak diastolic longitudinal strain rate

PDSRR

Peak diastolic radial strain rate

PDw

Proton density weighted

PCWP

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

PDH

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

PE

Phase encoding

PE

Potential energy

PE

Pulmonary embolism

PE

Parameter estimates

PEA

Pulseless electrical activity

PEA

Pulmonary endarterectomy

PET

Positron emission tomography

PF

Peak flow

PFA

Perfluoroalkoxyalkane

PFR

Peak filling rate

PFR

Perivascular fibrosis

PG

Pressure gradient

PGSE

Pulse gradient spin echo

PH

Pulmonary hypertension

PHiSeg

Probabilistic hierarchical segmentation

PHT

Pediatric heart transplantation

PHT

Pressure half-time

PI

Pulsatility index

PICA

Posterior inferior cerebral artery

PICS

Parallel imaging compressed sensing

PISA

Proximal isovelocity surface area

PLAX

Parasternal long axis

PLM

Polarized light microscopy

pLVEF

Preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

PLS

Peak longitudinal strain

PLSVC

Persistent left superior vena cava

PM

Papillary muscle

pMI

Periprocedure myocardial injury

PML

Posterior mitral leaflet

PMMA

Polymethyl methacrylate

PMR

Plaque to myocardial signal intensity ratio

PNF

Pulmonary net flow

POC

Point-of-care

POMP

Phase offset multiplanar

PP

Pulse pressure

PPE

Personal protective equipment

PPCI

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention

PPCM

Peripartum cardiomyopathy

PPG

Peak pressure gradient

PPI

Pitch per inch

PPM

Permanent pacemaker

PR

Precision recall

PR

Pulmonic regurgitation

PR%

Pulmonary regurgitation fraction

Prec

Precision

PRESS

Point resolved spectroscopy

PRF

Pulmonary regurgitant fraction

PRISM

Preferred reporting items for systemic reviews and meta-analysis

PRISMA

Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta analyses

PROST

Patch-based low-rank reconstruction

PROUD

Prospective undersampling in multiple dimensions

PRS

Peak radial strain

PRV

Pulmonary regurgitant volume

PRVI

Pulmonary regurgitant volume index

pSAT

Partial saturation

PSF

Point spread function

PSAX

Parasternal short axis

PSIR

Phase sensitive inversion recovery

PSM

Propensity score matching

PSYS

Peak systolic pressure

PSSR

Peak systolic strain rate

PSSRC

Peak systolic circumferential strain rate

PSSRL

Peak systolic longitudinal strain rate

PSSRR

Peak systolic radial strain rate

PTB

Pulmonary transit beats

PTH

Parathyroid hormone

PTT

Pulmonary transit time

PTFE

Polytetrafluoroethylene

PV

Pulmonary valve

PV

Pulmonary vein

PV

Pressure volume

PV

Peak velocity

PVA

Pulmonary valve annulus

PVC

Polyvinyl chloride

PVC

Premature ventricular complexes

PVDR

Pulmonary vascular distensibility reserve

PVI

Pulmonary vein isolation

PVL

Paravalvular leak

PVO2

Peak oxygen comsumption

PVOD

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease

PVR

Pulmonic valve replacement

PVR

Pulmonary vascular resistance

PVRI

Pulmonary vascular resistance index

PWV

Pulse wave velocity

Pyr

Pyruvate

Q

Flow

QALY

Quality-adjusted life year

QC

Quality control

QCA

Quantitative coronary angiography

QIBA

Quantitative Imaging and Biomarkers Alliance

QIR

Quadruple inversion recovery

QISS

Quiescent interval slice-selective

QoL

Quality of life

Qp

Pulmonic flow

Qs

Systemic flow

QSM

Quantitative susceptibility mapping

QTc

Corrected QT interval

RA

Right atrium/right atrial

RA

Right-anterior

RAA

Right aortic arch

RAA

Right atrial appendage

RAEF

Right atrial emptying fraction

RAC

Relative area change

rAHP

Reverse adiabatic half passage

RAP

Right atrial pressure

RARE

Rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement

RAPID-IHD

Rapid Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance for Ischemic Heart Disease

RAS

Renin-angiotensin system

RAV

Right atrial volume

RAVI

Right atrial volume index

RBP

Mean radius of the blood pool

rBW

Receiver bandwidth

RCA

Right coronary artery

RCA

Reverse classification accuracy

RCO

Right coronary ostium

RCT

Randomized controlled trial(s)

RDI

Restricted diffusion index

REACT

Relaxation-enhanced angiography without contrast and triggering

Rec

Recall

ReLU

Rectified linear unit

RER

Respiratory exchange ratio

RF

Radiofrequency

RF

Regurgitant fraction

RF

Random forests

RF2

Random Forests

RHC

Right heart catheterization

RHM

Right handed orientation

RIPV

Right inferior pulmonary vein

RL

Right-left

rLVEF

Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction

RMPV

Right middle pulmonary vein

RMS

Root mean square

RMSD

Root mean square distance

RMSE

Root mean square error

ROC

Receiver operator characteristics

ROC

Receiver operator curve

ROI

Region-of-interest

ROS

Reactive oxygen species

RP

Right posterior

RPA

Recursive partitioning analysis

RPA

Right pulmonary artery

RPP

Rate pressure product

RRT

Renal replacement therapy

RRT

Relative residence time

RS

Radial strain

RS

Rejection score

RSD

Relative standard deviation

RSN

Radial self-navigated

RSNA

Radiological Society of North America

RSPV

Right superior pulmonary vein

RT

Real time

RT-PCR

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

RTC

Real time cine

rTOF

Repaired tetralogy of Fallot

RTP

Return to play

RU

Relative upslope

RV

Right ventricle/right ventricular

RV

Regurgitant volume

RVD

Right ventricular dilation

RVED

Right-ventricular end-diastolic volume

RVEDVI

Right ventricular end-diastolic volume index

RVEF

Right ventricular ejection fraction

RVESVI

Right ventricular end-systolic volume index

RVFW

Right ventricular free wall

RVFWS

Right ventricular free wall strain

RVH

Right ventricular hypertrophy

RVI

Right ventricular insertion

RVLA

Right ventricular long axis

RVol

Regurgitant volume

RVOT

Right ventricular outflow tract

RVSP

Right ventricular systolic pressure

RVT

Retrospective valve tracking

RWM

Regional wall motion

RWMA

Regional wall motion abnormality

RWT

Relative wall thickness

S-ICD

Subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator

SAA

Serum amyloid A

SAEs

Serious adverse events

SALLI

Small animal Look Locker inversion recovery

SAM

Systolic anterior motion

SAPPHIRE

Saturation pulse prepared heart rate independent inversion recovery

SAR

Specific absorption rate

SARS-CoV-2

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

SASHA

Saturation recovery single-shot acquisition

SAT

Saturation pulse

SAT

Subcutaneous adipose tissue

SAVR

Surgical aortic valve replacement

SAx

Short axis

SBP

Systolic blood pressure

SCAI

Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions

SCCT

Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography

SCD

Sudden cardiac death

SCMR

Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

SCS

Systolic circumferential strain

SD

Standard deviation

SDp

Pooled standard deviation

SE

Spin echo

SEE

Standard error of the estimate

SENC

Strain encoding

SENSE

Sensitivity encoding

SFA

Superficial femoral artery

SFRR

Systolic flow reversal ratio

SFT

Semi-automated flow tracking

SG

Self-gated

SIR

Stress-to-rest intensity ratio

SIR

Selective inversion recovery

SIR

Signal intensity ratio

SIT

Situs inversus totalis

sGS

Sorted golden step

ShMOLLI

Shortened modified Look Locker inversion recovery

SI

Signal intensity

SI

Superior–inferior

SIP

Septal insertion points

SIR

Signal intensity ratio

SL

Spin lock/spin locking

sLASER

Semi-adiabatic localization by adiabatic selective refocusing

SLE

Systemic lupus erythematosus

SLFF

Semilunar valve forward flow

SLICE

Segment length in cine

SLNF

Semilunar valve net flow

SLS

Segmental longitudinal strain

SLV

Single left ventricle

SM

Sarcomere mutation

SM

Shape mode

SMA

Superior mesenteric artery

SMASH

Simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics

SMC

Smooth muscle cells

SMD

Standardized mean difference

SMR

Spleen-to-myocardium ratio

SMS

Simultaneous multi-slice

SN

Self-navigated

SNA

Sympathetic nerve activity

SNAP

Simultaneous non-contrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage

SNR

Signal-to-noise ratio

SO

Second observer

SOP

Standard operating procedures

SOS

Stack of stars

SP

Sinus prosthesis

SPACE

Sampling perfection with application-optimized contrast using different flip angle evolutions

SPAIR

Spectral attenuated inversion recovery

sPAP

Systolic pulmonary artery pressure

SPCTPD

Society of Pediatric Cardiology Training Program Directors

SPAMM

Spatial modulation of magnetization

SPAIR

Spectral attenuated inversion recovery

SPECT

Single photon emission computed tomography

SPGR

Spoiled gradient echo

SPINS

Stress CMR Perfusion Imaging in the United States

SPIO

Small particle iron oxide

SPIR

Spectral presaturation with inversion recovery

SPR

Splenic perfusion ratio

SQ

Semi-quantitative

SR

Strain rate

SR

Sinus rhythm

SR

Super resolution

SR

Saturation recovery

SRR

Super resolution reconstruction

SRS

Segmental radial strain

SRSsep

Systolic rebound stretch of the septum

SRV

Single right ventricle

SS

Slice-selective

SSc

Systemic sclerosis

SSDI

Social Security Death Index

SSFP

Steady state free precession

SSH

Secure shell protocol

SSI

Systolic stretch index

SSIM

Structured similarity index

SScPAH

Systemic sclerosis pulmonary artery hypertension

bSSFP

Balanced steady state free precession

SSO

Splenic switch-off

SSR

Single volume super-resolution reconstruction

SSTSE

Single shot turbo spin echo

STE

Speckle tracking echocardiography

STEAM

Stimulated echo acquisition mode

STEMI

ST elevation myocardial infarction

STI

Susceptibility tensor imaging

STIR

Short tau inversion recovery

STJ

Sinotubular junction

STRM

Signal threshold versus reference mean

STS

Surgical Thoracic Society

SV

Stroke volume

SV

Single ventricle

SVC

Superior vena cava

SVD

Single value decomposition

SVE

Shared velocity encoding

SVI

Stroke volume index

SVM

Support vector machines

SVR

Systemic vascular resistance

SVR

Slice-to-volume registration

SVT

Supraventricular tachycardia

SW

Stroke work

SWALL

Mean myocardial wall thickness

T

Tesla

T1DM

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

T1w

T1 weighted

T2DM

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

T2prep

T2 preparation

T2w

T2 weighted

TA

Transverse angle

TA

Texture analysis

TA

Tricuspid annulus/tricuspid annular

TA

Tricuspid atresia

TA-WSS

Time averaged wall shear stress

TAC

Total arterial compliance

TAC

Transverse aortic constriction

TAC

Thoracic aortic calcification

TACi

Total arterial compliance index

TAO

Transverse aortic arch

TAPSE

Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion

TAPVC

Total anomalous pulmonary vein connection

TAV

Trileaflet aortic valve

TAVI

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation

TAVR

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement

TB

Tuberculosis

TBAD

Type B aortic dissection

TCFA

Thin-cap fibroatheroma

TCM

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy

TCPC

Total cavopulmonary connection

TD

Delay time

TD

Time difference

TD

Trigger delay

TDI

Tissue Doppler imaging

TE

Echo time

TEeff

Effective echo time

TEE

Transesophageal echocardiography

TEM

Transmit-receive electromagnetic

TEVAR

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair

TFC

Task Force Criteria

TFE

Turbo field echo

TG

Triglyceride

TGA

Transposition of the great arteries

TGF-B1

Transforming growth factor beta-1

THR

Target heart rate

TI

Inversion time

TIA

Transient ischemic attack

TIMI

Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction

TIMP

Tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases

TIO

Transfusion iron overload

TKE

Turbulent kinetic energy

TL

True lumen

TM

Mixing time

TMA

Trimethylammonium

TMA

Trimethyl amide

TN

True negative

TOF

Tetralogy of Fallot

TOST

Two-sided test of equivalence

TP

True positive

TP

Tube prosthesis

TPG

Transpulmonary pressure gradient

TPM

Tissue phase mapping

TPM

Trabeculae and papillary muscles

TPR

True positive rate

TPR

Total pulmonary resistance

TR

Repetition time

TR

Tricuspid regurgitation

TR

Time resolved

TRAMINER

Transfer and inversion recovery-prepared imaging

TS

Saturation delay

TSE

Turbo spin echo

TSI

Time signal intensity

TSL

Spin lock time

TT

Transit time

TTC

Triphenyltetrazolium chloride

TTE

Transthoracic echocardiography

TV

Total variation

TV

Tricuspid valve

TVD

Triple vessel disease

TVI

Time velocity integral

TxREF

Transmitter B1 reference

UAP

Unstable angina pectoris

UAV

Unicuspid aortic valve

UFA

Unsaturated fatty acid

UKBB

United Kingdom BioBank

UL

Upper limit

UL

Upper limb

ULN

Upper limits of normal

US

Ultrasound

USPIO

Ultrasmall particles of iron oxide

UTE

Ultrashort echo time

UV

Umbilical vein

UWDRS

Unified Wilson’s Disease Rating Scale

VA

Ventricular arrhythmias

VA

Vertebral artery

VAC

Ventricular arterial coupling

VAPOR

Variable pulse power and optimized relaxation

VAT

Visceral adipose tissue

VC

Vena contracta

VCAM

Vascular cell adhesion molecule

VCG

Vector electrocardiogram

VCO2

Carbon dioxide production

VD

Variable density

VD-CASPR

Variable density Cartesian trajectory with spiral profile

VE

Ventilator efficiency

VE

Minute ventilation

VEL

Viscous energy loss

VELR

Viscous energy loss rate

VENC

Velocity encoded

VES

Ventricular extra-systoles

VF

Ventricular fibrillation

VFA

Variable flip angle

VHA

Vena hemiazygos

VHD

Valvular heart disease

VIBE

Volumetric-interpolated breath-hold examination

VIP

Ventricular insertion points

VIPR

Isotropic voxel radial projection imaging

VLA

Vertical long axis

Vmax

Maximal velocity

VNR

Velocity to noise

VO2

Oxygen consumption

VOI

Volume of interest

VOL

Volume

Vp

Propagation velocity

VPS

Visual presence score

VQ

Vorticity quotient

VR

Volume rendered

vSaO2

Mixed venous oxygen saturation

VSARR

Valve sparing aortic root replacement

VSD

Ventricular septal defect

VSMC

Vascular smooth muscle cells

VT

Ventricular tachycardia

VT

Ventilator threshold

VTE

Venous thromboembolism

VTI

Vertebral tortuosity index

VTS

Visual transmurality score

VUS

Variant of uncertain significance

VV

Interventricular

Vwall

Myocardial wall volume

vWERP

Virtual work-energy relative pressure

VWI

Vessel wall imaging

wb-LGE

Wide band late gadolinium enhancement

WC

Waist circumference

WD

Wilson Disease

WE

Water excitation

WET

Water suppression enhanced through T1 effects

WH

Whole heart

WHO

World Health Organization

WHR

Waist hip ratio

WHtR

Waist to height ratio

WIA

Wave intensity analysis

WIP

Work in progress

WISE

Women Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation

WM

Wall motion

WMA

Wall motion abnormality

WMSI

Wall motion score index

WS

Wall stress

WSS

Wall shear stress

WT

Wall thickness

WT

Wild type

WU

Wood units

XA

X-ray angiography

XD-GRASP

Extradimensional golden-angle radial sparse parallel

XMR

Combined x-ray cardiac magnetic resonance laboratories

Zva

Valvuloarterial impedance

  1. Multiuse abbreviations are displayed in italics text
  2. Italics refers to abbreviations that may have multiple meanings (but only one in any single manuscript)