Dynamic pressure–volume loop analysis by simultaneous real-time cardiovascular magnetic resonance and left heart catheterization

Table 2 Quantitative measurements using real-time long-axis images and fluid-filled catheters in the CMR environment vs the conductance PV loop catheter

	CMR environment	Conductance PV loop catheter	t-test p-value
Heart rate (bpm)	79 ± 11	82 ± 11	ns, p = 0.60
EDV (ml)	198 ± 107	220 ± 94	ns, p = 0.21
ESV (ml)	144 ± 83	143 ± 73	ns, p = 0.84
SV (ml)	54 ± 24	78 ± 22	*, p = 0.04
EF (%)	29 ± 5	38 ± 9	*, p = 0.02
CO (l/min)	4.1 ± 1.5	6.3 ± 1.5	*, p = 0.02
LV EDP (mmHg)	8.8 ± 5.0	10.4 ± 2.1	ns, p = 0.42
LV ESP (mmHg)	70.6 ± 7.5	62.8 ± 5.6	ns, p = 0.13
Peak LV pressure (mmHg)	81.8 ± 5.1	69.3 ± 4.5	*, p = 0.02

Parameters were derived from the from the first recorded heartbeat prior to inferior vena cava occlusion in the dynamic pressure–volume loop experiments. CMR measured HR, EDV, ESV, SV, and CO are reported from the long-axis cine images. Continuous variables are reported as mean ± SD. CMR cardiovascular magnetic resonance, EDV end-diastolic volume, ESV end-systolic volume, SV stroke volume, EF ejection fraction, CO cardiac output, LV left ventricular, EDP end-diastolic pressure, ESP end-systolic pressure. ns non-significant; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01

ISSN: 1532-429X