Regional extracellular volume within late gadolinium enhancement-positive myocardium to differentiate cardiac sarcoidosis from myocarditis of other etiology: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study

Table 3 Volumetric measurements and tissue characterization in cardiac sarcoid, acute and chronic myocarditis

	Healthy volunteers	Cardiac sarcoidosis n = 33	Acute myocarditis n = 73	Chronic myocarditis n = 35	p
LVEF, %	63.2 ± 4.7	43.5 ± 14.3	42.8 ± 16.8	45.8 ± 17.5	0.681
LVEDVI, ml/m²	86.3 ± 12.2	102.1 ± 29.3	114.2 ± 39.3	106.8 ± 54.4	0.379
LVESVI, ml/m²	31.6 ± 5.6	62.1 ± 32.6	65.8 ± 38.5	66.9 ± 52.8	0.894
LV SV, ml		84.3 ± 27.7	89.1 ± 26.1	80.8 ± 26.2	0.315
RVEF, %	51.3 ± 8.3	42.1 ± 11.0	45.2 ± 11.3	47.6 ± 12.7	0.181
RVEDVI, ml/m²	88.3 ± 17.8	94.7 ± 26.1	92.9 ± 23.6	85.0 ± 22.9	0.219
RVESVI, ml/m²	43.1 ± 12.1	59.6 ± 22.9^b	51.9 ± 21.4	46.0 ± 21.0^b	0.051
RV SV, ml		78.4 ± 29.6	82.6 ± 23.9	74.4 ± 25.5	0.3228
ECV global, ms		0.30 ± 0.08	0.34 ± 0.04	0.29 ± 0.07	0.1928
ECV scar, ms		0.65 ± 0.12^a,b	0.45 ± 0.13^a	0.47 ± 0.1^b	< 0.001
T1 native global, ms	1121 ± 28	1157 ± 54^a,b	1196 ± 63^a	1215 ± 74^b	0.001
T1 post contrast global ms		592 ± 100	615 ± 89	609 ± 71	0.469
T1 native scar, ms		1303 ± 130	1290 ± 66	1289 ± 60	0.747
T1 post contrast scar ms		398 ± 120^a,b	501 ± 88^a	514 ± 82^b	0.00001
T2 global, ms	36.9 ± 2	39.5 ± 3.7	40.2 ± 3.7	40.2 ± 3.5	0.587
T2 scar, ms		44.3 ± 3.7	43.2 ± 5.0	43.1 ± 4	0.644
			Biopsy proven myocarditis only n = 42
ECV global, ms		0.3 ± 0.08	0.31 ± .09		0.5
ECV scar, ms		0.65 ± 0.12	0.47 ± 0.14		< 0.001
T1 global, ms		1157 ± 54	1207 ± 61		0.001
T1 scar, ms		1303 ± 130	1293 ± 66		0.7
T2 global, ms		39.5 ± 3.7	39.5 ± 2.9		1
T2 scar, ms		44.3 ± 3.7	41.2 ± 4		0.04

Values represent mean ± SD. Mean values were compared using ANOVA. In case of a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05, highlighted by bold values) Scheffé’s test was used as post hoc test. Differing groups are marked by superscript letters
CS cardiac sarcoidosis, LVEDVI left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVESVI left ventricular end-systolic volume index, RVEDVI right ventricular end-diastolic volume index, RVEF right ventricular ejection fraction, RVESVI right ventricular end-systolic volume index, SV stroke volume
^aIndicates significance between acute myocarditis and CS
^bIndicates significance between chronic myocarditis and cardiac sarcoid on the 0.05 level

ISSN: 1532-429X