Figure 2From: Longitudinally and circumferentially directed movements of the left ventricle studied by cardiovascular magnetic resonance phase contrast velocity mappingAverage longitudinal and circumferential velocities for the left ventricular base, mid and apex. The entire LV rotates counter clockwise (as viewed from the apex), followed by a series of clockwise and counter clockwise motion patterns, leading to opposing directions of apical and basal motion during a cardiac cycle. In all slices, longitudinal motion of the heart is towards the apex during systole and towards the base during diastole.Back to article page