Dilation of the ascending aorta in Turner syndrome - a prospective cardiovascular magnetic resonance study

Table 2 Aortic dilation and aortic growth in Turner syndrome

	Aortic dilation ^a		Aortic diameter and growth
	Turner syndrome	Controls	Turner syndrome
			Baseline	Change	Change rate^b
	n = 80	n = 67	n = 80	n = 80	n = 80	n = 80
	%	%	mm	mm	mm/year	mm/year/m²
Aortic sinus	18.9*	1.5	29.2 ± 3.9	1.0 ± 1.9**	0.38 ± 0.7	0.26 ± 0.5
Sinotubular junction	30.3*	2.9	25.3 ± 4.3	0.4 ± 1.3**	0.11 ± 0.5	0.07 ± 0.3
Mid-ascending aorta	36.7*	1.5	27.5 ± 5.0	0.6 ± 1.4**	0.24 ± 0.6	0.16 ± 0.4
Distal ascending aorta	33.3*	2.9	25.3 ± 3.6	-0.1 ± 1.0	-0.01 ± 0.4	-0.01 ± 0.3
Proximal transverse aortic arch	24.1*	3.6	23.4 ± 3.6	0.1 ± 0.9	-0.01 ± 0.4	-0.01 ± 0.2
Distal transverse aortic arch	10.3	3.0	20.5 ± 2.7	0.1 ± 0.8	0.01 ± 0.4	0.01 ± 0.3
Aortic isthmus	14.1*	3.0	19.3 ± 2.3	0.1 ± 0.8	0.05 ± 0.4	0.03 ± 0.3
Proximal descending aorta	34.2*	1.5	19.5 ± 2.8	-0.1 ± 0.8	-0.01 ± 0.3	-0.01 ± 0.2
Distal descending aorta	30.7*	1.5	18.2 ± 2.2	-0.1 ± 0.6	-0.03 ± 0.3	-0.02 ± 0.2

Continuous variables are expressed as means ± standard deviations.
^a Aortic dilation is defined by the mean + 1.96 standard deviations in the controls, and calculated from body surface area indexed diameters.
^b Aortic growth rates are calculated as the individual change in diameter from baseline to follow-up weighted individually for the duration of the follow-up.
* P < 0.05 using chi-square or Fisher's exact 2-sided test to compare Turner syndrome to controls.
** P < 0.05 using Student's paired t-test to compare baseline aortic diameter to follow-up in Turner syndrome.

ISSN: 1532-429X