Figure 1

Compared to the minimal collateral formation in the 6 weeks’ CTO animal (A-E), extensive collateral development was observed in the 12 weeks’ CTO animal (F-J), which is consistent with the increased systolic wall thickening and better LV function performance measured from cine SSFP images in the late stage of CTO. A, F: end-systolic SSFP images; B, G: end-diastolic SSFP images; C, H: LGE-MRI images; D, I: rotational x-ray angiogram; E, J: 3D micro-CT images reconstructed from highlighted box regions of D and I. Black, green and orange arrows indicating infarct, border and remote region.