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Clinical predictors of microvascular obstruction by delayed enhanced CMR in STEMI patients
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 13, Article number: P115 (2011)
Background
The presence of microvascular obstruction (MO) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is associated with adverse remodeling and poor prognosis after STEMI. Identifying which patients that may develop MO prior to undergoing acute mechanical reperfusion maybe important in managing patients for more direct interventions. We sought to evaluate clinical predictors of CMR identified MO.
Methods
We included 255 patients with their first STEMI reperfused with primary percutaneous intervention. A standard DE-CMR was performed acutely at a mean of 3.9±2.0 days after admission. Clinical risk factors, time to reperfusion as well as angiographic variables were prospectively collected. The angiographic area at risk and the infarct size as a % of the left ventricle (LV) were computed. The number of segments with MO, defined as an area of hypoenhancement surrounded by delayed enhancement on DE-CMR, were summed to calculate MO extent.
Results
MO was present in 44% of the cases. Patients with MO had 3.1 ± 1.8 segments with MO. Different variables were analyzed but only male gender, diabetes, infarct location anterior, initial TIMI 0/1 flow and absent collaterals (Rentrop’s grades 0/1) were associated with a greater MO extent. In addition, greater number of MO segments significantly correlated with a larger angiographic area at risk (P=0.005) and infarct size (P<0.001) and borderline with time to reperfusion (P=0.06). Important nonsignificant parameters include hypertension, tobacco use, hypercholesterolemia, family history of CAD or final TIMI epicardial flow. By multivariate regression analysis, the area at risk, male gender, diabetes, absence of collaterals and initial poor TIMI flow remained as the only significant independent predictors of MO extent.
Conclusions
The prevalence of MO is often seen in STEMI. Larger MO sizes are seen in diabetics and males, as well as in patients with large areas at risks and poor residual flow prior to mechanical revascularization.
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Open Access This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Izquierdo, M.M., Ortiz-Pérez, J.T., Bakhos, L. et al. Clinical predictors of microvascular obstruction by delayed enhanced CMR in STEMI patients. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 13 (Suppl 1), P115 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-13-S1-P115
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-13-S1-P115
Keywords
- Infarct Size
- Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
- Male Gender
- Clinical Risk Factor
- Percutaneous Intervention