| Baseline | 2 weeks | 4 weeks |
---|---|---|---|
Heart rate (beats per min) | Â | Â | Â |
RAS | 454 ± 17 | 429 ± 28 | 426 ± 19# |
Control | 470 ± 11 | 472 ± 3 | 482 ± 23 |
Left Ventricular Volume (mm3) | Â | Â | Â |
RAS | Â | Â | Â |
     End Systole | 8.4 ± 1.2 | 9.1 ± 1.5 | 8.7 ± 1.4 |
     End Diastole | 33.2 ± 1.4 | 30.3 ± 2.0# | 29.7 ± 1.7# |
     Myocardial Volume | 53.3 ± 3.7 | 70.7 ± 3.5*$# | 76.6 ± 3.3*$# |
  Control |  |  |  |
     End Systole | 9.6 ± 1.3 | 11.2 ± 0.9 | 11.8 ± 1.3 |
     End Diastole | 34.3 ± 2.0 | 35.9 ± 1.2 | 36.8 ± 2.4 |
     Myocardial Volume | 51.5 ± 0.6 | 56.6 ± 2.2 | 61.0 ± 2.2* |
Stroke Volume (mm3) | Â | Â | Â |
  RAS | 24.7 ± 1.5 | 21.1 ± 0.9*$# | 20.9 ± 1.3*$# |
  Control | 24.7 ± 1.0 | 24.8 ± 1.0 | 24.9 ± 1.5 |
Ejection Fraction (%) | Â | Â | Â |
  RAS | 74.7 ± 3.0 | 71.4 ± 3.2 | 71.3 ± 3.8 |
  Control | 72.5 ± 2.6 | 69.1 ± 1.9 | 71.4 ± 3.2 |
Cardiac Output (ml/min) | Â | Â | Â |
  RAS | 11.2 ± 0.7 | 8.5 ± 0.9*$# | 8.7 ± 0.7*$# |
  Control | 11.6 ± 0.4 | 11.7 ± 0.4 | 12.7 ± 0.5 |
E/A Ratio | Â | Â | Â |
  RAS | 1.09 ± 0.08 | 1.22 ± 0.12 | 1.40 ± 0.10*$# |
  Control | 1.09 ± 0.04 | 1.14 ± 0.03 | 1.11 ± 0.05 |
Time to Systole/Diastole | Â | Â | Â |
  RAS | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |
  Control | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |