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Cardiac abnormalities in patients with two different mitochondrial myopathy syndromes as detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 17, Article number: Q83 (2015)
Background
Chronic progressive external ophtalmoplegia (CPEO) and Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) belong to the broad heterogeneous group of mitochondrial myopathies (MM) - a group of neuromuscular disorders resulting from primary dysfunction of the mitochondrial chain with impaired cellular energy metabolism. Recently, a potentially characteristic myocardial fibrosis pattern with intramural late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in the left ventricular (LV) inferolateral wall was documented by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in these patients.
The present study aimed at characterizing the presence and pattern of cardiac abnormalities in a larger CPEO/KSS patient population by means of CMR. Based on the fact that patients with other MM syndromes may show a concentric LV remodelling/hypertrophy (e.g. m itochondrial e ncephalopathy with l actic a cidosis and s troke-like episodes - MELAS) this aspect was also evaluated.
Methods
In a prospective study, 33 CPEO/KSS patients (52±14yrs, 36% male) underwent neurological and cardiac evaluations including CMR studies comprising cine- and LGE-CMR (1.5-Tesla). Additionally, CMR scans were performed in 25 age-, gender- and cardiac risk factor-matched asymptomatic CONTROLS (47±12yrs, 48% male) without known heart disease.
Results
In the CPEO/KSS group, 18 (55%) patients had at least one pathological finding based on the CMR results: 8 (24%) patients demonstrated an impaired LV-EF (<60%), 3 (9%) patients showed presence of LV hypertrophy and 10 (30%) patients showed non-ischemic LGE with a predominantly intramural pattern, mostly confined to the basal LV inferolateral wall.
There were no significant differences in LV volumes, mass or ejection fraction between CPEO/KSS and CONTROLS. However, CPEO/KSS patients demonstrated significantly higher LV mass/ end-diastolic volume ratios as surrogate for LV concentric remodelling when compared to CONTROLS (0.84±0.24 vs. 0.67±0.11 g/mL, p=0.001).
Conclusions
CPEO/KSS patients frequently show myocardial fibrosis with a predominantly intramural pattern located in the LV inferolateral wall as depicted by LGE-CMR. Moreover, although overt LV hypertrophy is relatively rare, when compared to matched controls, CPEO/KSS seem to show a concentric LV remodelling already described in other MM syndromes.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Florian, A.R., Ludwig, A., Rösch, S. et al. Cardiac abnormalities in patients with two different mitochondrial myopathy syndromes as detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 17 (Suppl 1), Q83 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-17-S1-Q83
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-17-S1-Q83
Keywords
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
- Late Gadolinium Enhancement
- Mitochondrial Myopathy
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study