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4D Multiphase steady state imaging with contrast (MUSIC) enhancement using ferumoxytol: a new paradigm in pediatric congenital heart disease
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 18, Article number: O113 (2016)
Background
CMR in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) often requires expert physician supervision and long examination times. Further, the complex anatomy may not be fully defined with limited 2D slices at the time of image acquisition and missing slice orientations cannot be reconstructed retrospectively. 4D MUSIC (1) generates isotropic high-resolution 3D images over multiple, independent cardiac phases without breath holding. We aim to evaluate this technique in patients with complex CHD and compare it to breathe held contrast enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) and 2D cine.
Methods
Forty-three children (age 3 days to 19 years; weight 1.2 kg to 62 kg) with suspected or known complex CHD underwent ferumoxytol-enhanced CMR on a 3.0T MRI system between 2013 and 2015. Two readers with advanced CMR training scored the diagnostic image quality of named intra-cardiac structures and multiple vascular segments including the coronary arteries using a four-point scale. Surgery, correlative imaging or autopsy confirmed MUSIC MRI findings. Quantitative volumetric measurements derived from 4D MUSIC and conventional 2D cine images were compared.
Results
There were no adverse reactions to ferumoxytol. Intra-cardiac and vascular anatomy were significantly better visualized (p < 0.001) with MUSIC than with breath held CE-MRA. Coronary artery anatomy was routinely visualized with high confidence on MUSIC images. Quantitative volumetric measurements derived from 4D MUSIC and conventional 2D cine imaging were strongly correlated (r = 0.99, p < 0.001) and concordance with correlative imaging, surgical findings and /or autopsy results was excellent.
Conclusions
Ferumoxytol-enhanced 4D MUSIC is superior to breath-held CEMRA in children with CHD and may serve as a comprehensive technique for high resolution anatomic and dynamic imaging. The implications for safe and rapid streamlining of data acquisition in pediatric CHD, and for diagnostic evaluation of patients too unstable for breath holding are significant.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Nguyen, KL., Han, F., Brunengraber, D.Z. et al. 4D Multiphase steady state imaging with contrast (MUSIC) enhancement using ferumoxytol: a new paradigm in pediatric congenital heart disease. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 18 (Suppl 1), O113 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-18-S1-O113
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-18-S1-O113
Keywords
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Correlative Imaging
- Breath Holding
- Diagnostic Image Quality
- Complex Congenital Heart Disease