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Incidence of cardiac sarcoidosis in those with extra-cardiac disease without known cardiac involvement - a CMR study
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 18, Article number: P252 (2016)
Background
Cardiac death is the leading cause of mortality in patients with sarcoidosis. However, the incidence of cardiac sarcoidosis in those with extracardiac disease has yet to be formally examined. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) may identify the myocardial infiltration of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), and thus allow risk stratification of these at risk individuals. We therefore investigated the incidence of CS in patients with extracardiac sarcoidosis without cardiac manifestations using CMR-LGE.
Methods
Seventy-two patients with clinically and radiologically diagnosed pulmonary sarcoidosis, without signs or symptoms of cardiovascular involvement, were enrolled over a three-year period. LGE-CMR was performed on all patients. The presence of LGE in the left ventricular myocardium was considered diagnostic for CS. Patients were classified as CS or non-CS based on the CMR-LGE findings.
Results
Mean age was 51 ± 19 years, with a female predominance (61%). CS was detected in nineteen patients (23%). When compared to those patients without LGE, patients with CS had higher rates of previously documented non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (22% vs. 5%), a greater prevalence of an abnormal ECG (52% vs. 18%) and a higher heart rate during CMR (82bpm vs. 72bpm).
Conclusions
CMR should be considered as an adjunct to conventional diagnostic workup in all patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. Long-term follow-up of consecutive patients with isolated CS is needed to determine the natural history and to accurately define rates of ventricular arrhythmias.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Murphy, T.M., Waterhouse, D.F., James, S.I. et al. Incidence of cardiac sarcoidosis in those with extra-cardiac disease without known cardiac involvement - a CMR study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 18 (Suppl 1), P252 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-18-S1-P252
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-18-S1-P252
Keywords
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
- Sarcoidosis
- Ventricular Tachycardia
- Late Gadolinium Enhancement
- Cardiac Involvement