Fig. 6
From: Increased myocardial native T1 and extracellular volume in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) results in impaired molecular function prior to abnormal LV systolic function. Cardiomyopathy progresses with extracellular matrix (ECM) expansion, fibrosis, and manifest LV dysfunction. Standard imaging has limited ability to detect abnormalities before LV dysfunction (a). Extracellular volume fraction (ECV) mapping can provide a quantitative, early biomarker of DMD cardiomyopathy (b)