Table 1 Baseline demographics of the cohort and stratified by primary outcome measure

Age in years

57 ± 14

61 ± 13

57 ± 14

0.23

Female, n (%)

50 (42)

9 (45)

41 (42)

0.81

BMI

29 ± 6

30 ± 7

29 ± 6

0.90

Hypertension, n (%)

48 (41)

11 (55)

37 (38)

0.21

Diabetes, n (%)

20 (17)

6 (30)

14 (14)

0.11

Hyperlipidemia, n (%)

40 (34)

8 (40)

32 (33)

0.61

Smoking, n (%)

39 (33)

6 (30)

33 (34)

1.0

QRS interval (ms)

138 ± 31

144 ± 26

137 ± 32

0.32

QTc (ms)

469 ± 42

472 ± 37

469 ± 44

0.54

Device implantation, n (%)

56 (47)

17 (85)

39 (40)

<0.001*

NYHA functional class, n(%)

0.05

 I

12 (10)

0(0)

12(12)

 II

51 (43)

6 (30)

45 (46)

 III

46 (39)

13 (65)

33 (34)

 IV

9 (8)

1 (5)

8 (8)

Medications^a

 ACE inhibitor or ARB

86 (85)

17 (94)

69 (83)

0.30

 Amiodarone

5 (5)

1 (6)

4 (5)

1.0

 Beta-blocker

89 (88)

17 (94)

72 (87)

0.69

 Calcium Blocker

7 (7)

2 (11)

5(6)

0.61

 Digoxin

22 (22)

5 (28)

17 (20)

0.53

 Diuretics

70 (69)

18 (100)

52 (63)

<0.01*

 Statin

40 (40)

6 (33)

34 (41)

0.61