| |
HFpEF (n = 27)
|
Healthy Controls (n = 14)
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Age (years)
|
72 ± 7
|
69 ± 6
|
0.09
|
|
Female, n (%)
|
18 (67)
|
8 (57)
|
0.55
|
|
NYHA class, n (%)
|
|
I
|
0
|
14 (100)
|
< 0.001
|
|
II
|
24 (89)
|
0
|
< 0.001
|
|
III
|
3 (11)
|
0
|
< 0.001
|
|
Body mass index (kg/m2)
|
29 ± 6
|
26 ± 5
|
0.10
|
|
Hypertension, n (%)
|
12 (44)
|
0
|
0.04
|
|
Atrial fibrillation, n (%)
|
0
|
0
|
–
|
|
Beta blockers, n (%)
|
3 (11)
|
0
|
0.53
|
|
ARB/ACE inhibitor, n (%)
|
14 (52)
|
0
|
0.004
|
|
Diuretics, n (%)
|
12 (44)
|
0
|
0.005
|
|
Statins, n (%)
|
11 (41)
|
0
|
0.02
|
|
Systolic BP (mmHg)
|
144 ± 26
|
132 ± 4
|
0.15
|
|
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
|
81 ± 12
|
80 ± 13
|
0.86
|
|
Heart rate (bpm)
|
68 ± 12
|
60 ± 12
|
0.10
|
|
E/A ratio
|
0.69 ± 0.23
|
0.86 ± 0.24
|
0.042
|
|
E/e’ ratio
|
10.87 ± 2.61
|
7.47 ± 2.45
|
< 0.001
|
|
LA size (ml/m2)
|
31.1 ± 15.4
|
16.9 ± 6.4
|
0.003
|
|
VO2 max (ml/min/kg)
|
17.7 ± 3.3
|
27.8 ± 7.7
|
0.004
|
|
Blood glucose (mmol/L)
|
5.4 ± 0.9
|
4.8 ± 0.4
|
0.07
|
|
Free fatty acids (mmol/L)
|
0.49 ± 0.28
|
0.54 ± 0.19
|
0.10
|
|
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
|
1.26 ± 0.37
|
1.13 ± 0.45
|
0.44
|
|
LDL (mmol/L)
|
2.45 ± 0.71
|
3.17 ± 1.05
|
0.03
|
|
HDL (mmol/L)
|
1.52 ± 0.41
|
1.60 ± 0.41
|
0.59
|
|
BNP (pmol/L)
|
15.6 ± 9.4
|
6.8 ± 3.8
|
0.01
|
- Values are mean ± SD or percentages
- ACE Angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitors, ARB Angiotensin-receptor antagonist-II, BNP Brain natriuretic peptide, HDL High-density lipoprotein, HFpEF Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, LDL Low-density lipoprotein
