Fig. 1

An electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered 3D radial sequence was used for coronary artery CMR in healthy subjects with three different fat suppression methods. a Conventional CHESS fat saturation using a spectral prepulse to saturate the fat, b a conventional binomial 1–180°-1 water excitation (WE) pulse, c a LIBRE pulse. All acquisitions were preceded by a T₂-preparation module of 30 ms. The first acquired k-space profile in each ECG-triggered segmented acquisition was Fourier transformed to obtain a superior-inferior (SI) projection image of the thorax that was used for respiratory-self-navigation. The same sequences were also carried out in phantoms and legs of subjects by disabling the ECG trigger. d A diagram illustrating the LIBRE pulse timing