Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study group
Mean (SD) or median (Q1–Q3) or No. (%) | |
|---|---|
Age (years) | 62 ± 15 |
Female/Male | 10 (32%) / 21 (68%) |
Diabetes | 6 (19%) |
Dyslipidemia | 25 (80%) |
Hypertension | 20 (64%) |
Smoker or ex-smoker | 10 (32%) |
Prior myocardial infarction | 4 (13%) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.1 ± 4.1 |
Obesity | 7 (22%) |
Chronic kidney disease | 14 (45%) |
Atrial fibrillation | 11 (35%) |
NYHA class | |
II | 22 (71%) |
III | 9 (29%) |
CCS class | |
I | 28 (90%) |
II | 3 (9%) |
Lab tests | |
NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 1180 (324–3310) |
NT-proBNP > 150 pg/ml | 28 (90%) |
LDH (U/l) | 319 (246–483) |
Haemolysis1 | 8 (25%) |
Cardiac surgery | |
Coronary artery bypass grafting | 6 (19%) |
Time since the surgery (years) | 3.6 (2–34) |
AVR—PVL | 23 (75%) |
MVR—PVL | 8 (25%) |
Paravalvular leaks and left ventricle remodeling | |
Echocardiography | |
Multiple leaks | 7 (23%) |
VC (mm)—major leak | 4.9 ± 1.9 |
Leaks circumference (%) | 17 ± 9 |
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance | |
PVL volume (ml) | 44 ± 28 |
PVL regurgitant fraction (%) | 36 ± 13 |
End diastolic volume (ml) | 216 ± 112 |
Ejection fraction < 50% | 5 (16%) |
Ejection fraction (%) | 56.5 ± 14 |
Mass (g) | 177 ± 63 |