Table 1 Patient characteristics of study population (MACE vs without MACE)
Subjects with MACE (n = 39) | Subjects without MACE (n = 169) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
General information | |||
Age (yrs) | 67.8 ± 12.8 | 59.8 ± 14.8 | 0.001* |
Male | 26 (66.7%) | 97 (57.4%) | 0.288 |
Height (cm) | 163.8 ± 10.4 | 163.5 ± 9.7 | 0.847 |
Weight (kg) | 67.5 ± 13.3 | 67.3 ± 14.6 | 0.932 |
BMI (m2) | 25.0 ± 3.8 | 25.0 ± 4.2 | 0.988 |
Hypertension | 26 (66.7%) | 90 (53.3%) | 0.128 |
Diabetes | 11 (28.2%) | 42 (24.9%) | 0.665 |
Hyperlipidemia | 14 (35.9%) | 64 (37.9%) | 0.819 |
Smoking | 9 (23.1%) | 11 (6.5%) | 0.002* |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73m2) | 73.2 ± 23.8 | 80.5 ± 21.3 | 0.025* |
Atrial fibrillation | 8 (20.5%) | 6 (3.6%) | < 0.001* |
Cardiac history | |||
Heart failure | 5 (12.8%) | 6 (3.6%) | 0.020* |
Myocardial infarction | 2 (5.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.003* |
Coronary artery disease | 13 (33.3%) | 58 (34.3%) | 0.907 |
Symptoms for CMR referral | |||
Chest pain | 16 (41.0%) | 68 (40.2%) | 0.928 |
Shortness of breath | 0 | 8 (4.7%) | 0.166 |
Palpitation | 0 | 6 (3.6%) | 0.232 |
Dizziness | 0 | 2 (1.2%) | 0.495 |
Loss of consciousness | 1 (2.6%) | 3 (1.8%) | 0.746 |
CMR parameters | |||
1.5 T | 16 (41.0%) | 71 (42.0%) | 0.910 |
3.0 T | 23 (59.0%) | 98 (58.0%) | 0.910 |
LV end-diastolic volume index(mL/m2) | 101.1 ± 64.1 | 81.3 ± 23.1 | 0.001* |
LV end-systolic volume index(mL/m2) | 60.4 ± 65.4 | 33.8 ± 21.0 | < 0.001* |
LV ejection fraction (%) | 50.2 ± 19.5 | 60.7 ± 12.6 | < 0.001* |
LV mass index (g/m2) | 83.7 ± 39.7 | 60.9 ± 17.0 | < 0.001* |
Heart rate at rest (bpm) | 76.4 ± 16.6 | 67.2 ± 12.3 | < 0.001* |
Systolic blood pressure at rest (mmHg) | 146.2 ± 22.7 | 139.9 ± 20.6 | 0.103 |
Diastolic blood pressure at rest (mmHg) | 89.3 ± 12.1 | 85.1 ± 13.1 | 0.241 |
ATP infusion time (min) | 4.3 ± 0.7 | 4.4 ± 0.8 | 0.496 |
Abnormal wall motion | 17 (43.6%) | 22 (13.0%) | < 0.001* |
Medications | |||
Beta-blocker | 20 (51.3%) | 68 (40.2%) | 0.208 |
Calcium channel blocker | 9 (23.1%) | 52 (30.8%) | 0.342 |
ACE inhibitor | 15 (38.5%) | 37 (21.9%) | 0.031* |
Statin | 27 (69.2%) | 96 (56.8%) | 0.155 |
Aspirin | 21 (53.9%) | 81 (47.9%) | 0.505 |
Digoxin | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0.630 |
Side-effects | |||
Chest pain | 13 (33.3%) | 51 (30.2%) | 0.700 |
Shortness of breath | 10 (25.6%) | 31 (18.3%) | 0.302 |
Headache | 3 (7.7%) | 14 (8.3%) | 0.903 |
Palpitation | 3 (7.7%) | 12 (7.1%) | 0.898 |
Hot flushing | 0 (0%) | 2 (1.2%) | 0.495 |
Stress CMR findings | |||
LVEF < 50% | 15 (38.5%) | 20 (11.8%) | < 0.001* |
Myocardial LGE | 21 (53.9%) | 30 (17.8%) | < 0.001* |
LGE (%) | 2.95 ± 7.13 | 1.15 ± 4.63 | 0.056 |
Stress Induced Perfusion Defect | 17 (43.6%) | 21 (12.4%) | < 0.001* |