Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with ES and normal controls

Clinical characteristics

 Age, years

38.4 ± 14.8

36.6 ± 11.1

0.588

 Female, n, %

18 (60.0)

32 (71.1)

0.331

 BSA, m²

1.6 ± 0.1

1.6 ± 0.2

0.987

 BMI, kg/m²

22.1 ± 2.5

20.2 ± 3.5

0.009

 SBP, mmHg

119 ± 8

113 ± 16

0.031

 DBP, mmHg

73 ± 5

70 ± 11

0.145

 HR, bpm

76 ± 7

89 ± 16

 < 0.001

 Hct, %

0.43 ± 0.03

0.53 ± 0.11

 < 0.001

 Plt, 10⁹/L

–

150 ± 47

–

 NT-pro BNP, pg/mL

–

460 (83—1515)

–

 Tnt, ng/L

–

10.9 ± 7.7

–

 6MWT, m

–

424 ± 92

–

 WHO class I/II/III/IV, n

–

2/27/16/0

–

 SpO₂, %

–

86 ± 5

–

Hemodynamic characteristics

 mRAP, mmHg

–

7 ± 4

–

 mPAP, mmHg

–

68 ± 20

–

 PAWP, mmHg

–

10 ± 4

–

 Qp:Qs

–

1.0 ± 0.3

–

 PVRI, Wood units × m²

–

26.1 ± 14.3

–

 CI, L/min/m²

2.2 ± 0.7

–

 SvO₂, %

–

61.2 ± 9.5

–