Fig. 3

Reverse flow mean intensity projections of the aorta in a healthy control and BAV patients with isolated AR. Voxel-wise reverse flow in the AAo is reported in the upper left corner of each image. Systolic and diastolic reverse flow were increased in a subject with mild AR in the AAo (b, yellow arrows) compared to a healthy control (a). Diastolic flow increased along the entire aorta in the subject with severe AR (c) while systolic reverse flow remained similar and localized to the AAo (white arrows)