Table 1 Patients’ baseline characteristics (n = 225)
All patients (n = 225) | No HF- nor arrhythmia-related events “No MACE” (n = 167) | HF-related events (n = 42) | Arrhythmia-related events (n = 16) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p-value* | p-value* | |||||
Demographics | ||||||
Age, years | 57.5 ± 14.5 | 58.3 ± 13.7 | 53.5 ± 16.9 | 0.115 | 60.6 ± 15.1 | 0.455 |
Male, % | 146 (64.9) | 100 (61.7) | 34 (81.0) | 0.028 | 12 (75.0) | 0.418 |
Clinical and biological indices | ||||||
Heart rate, beats/min (nmiss = 49) | 73 ± 16 | 72 ± 16 | 77 ± 18 | 0.051 | 74 ± 15 | 0.469 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (nmiss = 43) | 123 ± 23 | 124 ± 22 | 116 ± 19 | 0.012 | 124 ± 35 | 0.377 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (nmiss = 43) | 74 ± 14 | 74 ± 13 | 72 ± 14 | 0.281 | 75 ± 25 | 0.275 |
NYHA functional class (nmiss = 43) | ||||||
≤ II | 147 (80.8) | 115 (86.5) | 22 (61.1) | 0.001 | 10 (76.9) | 0.401 |
> II | 35 (19.2) | 18 (13.5) | 14 (38.9) | 0.001 | 3 (23.1) | 0.401 |
eGFR, ml/mn (nmiss = 32) | 89 ± 40 | 87 ± 37 | 99 ± 47 | 0.179 | 87 ± 40 | 0.954 |
Hematocrit, % (nmiss = 34) | 41.9 ± 4.5 | 41.5 ± 4.4 | 42.4 ± 4.3 | 0.322 | 44.1 ± 5.1 | 0.101 |
Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||||
Body mass index, kg/m2 (nmiss = 31) | 26.7 ± 5.2 | 26.8 ± 5.2 | 26.8 ± 5.4 | 0.921 | 25.2 ± 5.0 | 0.343 |
Hypertension (nmiss = 28) | 66 (33.5) | 52 (35.9) | 10 (25.6) | 0.258 | 4 (30.8) | 1.000 |
Diabetes mellitus (nmiss = 28) | 29 (14.7) | 19 (13.10) | 8 (20.5) | 0.306 | 2 (15.4) | 0.684 |
Atrial fibrillation (nmiss = 28) | 13 (6.6) | 6 (4.1) | 4 (10.3) | 0.223 | 3 (23.1) | 0.028 |
Dyslipidemia (nmiss = 28) | 52 (26.4) | 40 (27.6) | 9 (23.1) | 0.685 | 3 (23.1) | 1.000 |
Smoking, current or previous (nmiss = 28) | 76 (38.6) | 55 (37.9) | 16 (41.0) | 0.716 | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
Alcohol excess (nmiss = 30) | 14 (7.2) | 10 (7.0) | 4 (10.3) | 0.503 | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
Family history of cardiomyopathy or SD (nmiss = 29) | 32 (16.3) | 24 (16.7) | 6 (15.4) | 1.000 | 2 (15.4) | 1.000 |
Medication | ||||||
RAS inhibitors (nmiss = 25) | 186 (93.0) | 140 (95.2) | 33 (54.6) | 0.032 | 13 (92.9) | 0.525 |
Diuretics (nmiss = 26) | 151 (75.9) | 107 (73.3) | 32 (82.1) | 0.303 | 12 (85.7) | 0.522 |
Beta blocker (nmiss = 26) | 183 (92.0) | 136 (93.2) | 35 (89.7) | 0.498 | 12 (85.7) | 0.282 |
CMR parameters | ||||||
LVEF, % (nmiss = 3) | 29.3 ± 9.7 | 30.7 ± 9.7 | 24.4 ± 9.0 | < 0.001 | 28.0 ± 6.58 | 0.267 |
LVEDV, ml/m2 (nmiss = 7) | 145 ± 48 | 141 ± 47 | 159 ± 46 | 0.011 | 150 ± 54 | 0.423 |
LV mass, g/m2 (nmiss = 10) | 90.5 ± 24.4 | 90.3 ± 25.2 | 91.7 ± 21.8 | 0.334 | 88.9 ± 23.5 | 0.858 |
LGE presence, % (nmiss = 7) | 113 (51.8) | 76 (47.2) | 26 (63.4) | 0.080 | 11 (68.8) | 0.120 |
Native T1 Z-score (nmiss = 8) | 3.0 ± 2.3 | 2.7 ± 2.2 | 3.8 ± 2.5 | 0.008 | 4.0 ± 1.6 | 0.014 |
ECV, % (nmiss = 12) | 29.3 ± 4.1 | 28.7 ± 3.8 | 31.3 ± 4.5 | 0.002 | 30.6 ± 3.8 | 0.057 |
Global strain (nmiss = 29) | − 8.8 ± 2.9 | − 9.1 ± 2.9 | − 7.4 ± 2.9 | < 0.001 | − 9.1 ± 2.1 | 0.908 |