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Phase contrast MRI with flow compensation view sharing (FCVS)
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 16, Article number: O7 (2014)
Background
Phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) is routinely used for quantification of blood flow and velocity in clinical. In a typical PC-MRI exam, flow compensated (FC) and flow encoded (FE) images are alternatively acquired as shown in Figure 1(a). However, in common carotid artery (CCA), FC images are very consistency due to limited physiological motion and background phase changes. In this regard, we propose to accelerate PC-MRI by using sliding window temporal view sharing of the FC data (FCVS) as shown in Figure 1(b). FCVS can improve both the temporal resolution and temporal footprint.
Methods
Six healthy volunteers were recruited in the prospective study and were scanned by the standard FCFE PC-MRI sequence and FCVS sequence under free breathing. The in vivo study were performed on SIEMENS 1.5 T Avanto scanner with 6-channel head and neck coils. FC k-space lines were acquired after every five FE lines and generated a sliding window under-sampled pattern by a rate RFC = 6. For each corresponding FE frame, a composite FC frame was synthesized by sharing data from adjacent frames. The 5/6 under-sampling of FE data due to FC data acquisition were recovered by TGRAPPA reconstruction. The peak velocity and total volumetric flow measurements of FCVS are compared with standard FCFE with same temporal resolution but double total acquisition time.
Results
The FC signal phase of a randomly selected pixel within a volunteer's CCA (Figure 2a, mean/± SD: -2.51/± 0.065 rad) was stable through cardiac cycle. An example of a healthy volunteer's peak velocity measurements with: 1) FCFE PC-MRI with 2 views-per-segment and 34 ms temporal resolution, 2) FCVS with 2 views-per-segment and 17 ms-temporal-resolution, and 3) FCFE PC-MRI with 1 view-per-segment with 17 ms-temporal-resolution are shown in Figure 2b. The 34 ms-temporal-resolution FCFE scan failed to capture the maximum peak velocity at around 90 ms into the cardiac cycle. The 17 ms FCVS scan provided similar peak velocity values as the 17 ms FCFE scan albeit at half of the total acquisition time. A Bland-Altman plot of total 24 volumetric flow values (left and right CCA in the six volunteers with 17 ms and 34 ms temporal resolutions) measured by FCVS and standard FCFE PC-MRI are shown in Figure 2c. The bias was 0.05 mL and the 95% confidence interval was [-0.25, 0.35] mL. The bias error in volumetric flow quantification was ≤1.3%.
Conclusions
FCVS can accelerate PC-MRI acquisitions while maintaining flow and velocity measurement accuracy when there is limited temporal variation in the FC data.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Wang, D., Shao, J., Rapacchi, S. et al. Phase contrast MRI with flow compensation view sharing (FCVS). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 16 (Suppl 1), O7 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-16-S1-O7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-16-S1-O7