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Respiratory motion model based correction for improving the targeting accuracy of MRI-guided intracardiac electrophysiology procedures
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 17, Article number: O24 (2015)
Background
Recently, there is an increased interest in using MRI to guide electrophysiology (EP) procedures as an alternative to X-ray fluoroscopy guidance, due to its excellent soft tissue contrast and lack of radiation. However, there exist tradeoffs between different MRI guidance schemes. Realtime 2D MR sequences are able to capture heart motion during an interventional setting, while sacrificing imaging quality, whereas high-resolution prior 3D roadmaps are static and do not reflect the respiratory motion of the heart. In this work, we explore the feasibility of deriving a motion model from these two complementary datasets, and evaluate its potential for improving the targeting accuracy of MRI-guided EP procedures.
Methods
Motion imaging studies were performed for 4 healthy pigs, and MRI-guided catheter ablations were successfully applied in 2 pigs. Initially, a multi-slice 3D roadmap volume was acquired using a GE FIESTA imaging sequence, while the animal was mechanically ventilated and breath-held at end expiration. During the same experiment, a fast 2D balanced-SSFP spiral sequence (HeartVista) was also used to acquire free-breathing images of the heart, along with synchronized physiology data representing cardiac and respiratory phase. Under 3D prior roadmap guidance, an MR compatible and actively tracked catheter (Imricor Medical Systems) was then placed into the left ventricle (LV), while the distal tip of the catheter was continuously tracked in realtime [1], along with the corresponding physiology data. Subsequently, the catheter was maneuvered to a location along the LV wall, where an RF ablation was performed. The anatomical location of the lesion was confirmed in a post-ablation contrast enhanced IR-SSFP image. We retrospectively computed the distance between the tracked catheter ablation positions and the observed lesion center. A respiratory motion model based on multiscale registration of the ECG gated 3D prior image to 2D realtime free-breathing images was also generated [2]. The individual motion parameters were extracted and fitted as a function of the respiratory physiology data (Fig. 1). The specific motion model was then used to correct the erroneous catheter tracked positions relative to the heart wall based on their physiology data, and the distances between the motion corrected positions and the lesions were computed.
Results
The mean distance between the uncorrected catheter tracked positions and the lesion locations was 3.80±1.19 mm. After the motion correction was applied from the derived model, the mean distance between the corrected catheter positions and the lesions was 2.24±1.08 mm. An example of motion correction is shown in Fig. 2.
Conclusions
We successfully demonstrated the feasibility to produce a data-driven model to retrospectively correct for the respiratory motion of the heart. Future work will focus on exploring the potential of the model to prospectively correct for motion and improve the ablation accuracy during MRI-guided EP procedures.
Funding
GE Healthcare and Federal Development Agency of Canada.
References
Dumoulin C: MRM. 1993, 29: 411-415. 10.1002/mrm.1910290322.
Xu R: IEEE TBME. 2014, 61: 2621-2632.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Xu, R., Athavale, P., Krahn, P. et al. Respiratory motion model based correction for improving the targeting accuracy of MRI-guided intracardiac electrophysiology procedures. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 17 (Suppl 1), O24 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-17-S1-O24
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-17-S1-O24