- Oral presentation
- Open Access
Elevated energy loss in diastolic left ventricular inflow corresponds to an increase in kinetic energy in patients with a repaired atrioventricular septal defect: Quantification from 4D Flow MRI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-17-S1-O6
© ElBaz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2015
- Published: 3 February 2015
Keywords
- Kinetic Energy
- Energy Loss
- Average Kinetic Energy
- Atrioventricular Septal Defect
- Incompressible Newtonian Fluid
Background
Patients after atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) repair may present abnormalities in valve morphology and subsequently develop altered left ventricular (LV) inflow patterns [1]. This may lead to energy loss and affect the kinetic energy in the LV. We aimed to quantify diastolic viscous energy loss and kinetic energy in the LV and to evaluate their association in AVSD-repaired patients compared to healthy controls using 4D Flow MRI.
Methods
Quantitative parameters of viscous energy loss and Kinetic energy during diastole in AVSD-repaired patients compared to controls
Control (N=23) | AVSD-repaired patients (N=23) | |
---|---|---|
Age (yrs) | 19 ± 8 | 20 ± 8 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 87 ± 11 | 94 ± 15 |
EL (mJ/mL) | 0.21 ± 0.07 | 0.29 ± 0.12a |
KE (mJ/mL) | 0.16 ± 0.07 | 0.24± 0.11b |
(EL/KEavg) * | 1.31 ± 0.43 | 1.22 ± 0.5c |
Results
Correlation between kinetic energy (KE) and viscous energy loss (EL) in the AVSD-repaired patients marked in red and healthy controls marked in green. Both KE and EL are normalized by end diastolic volume (EDV). The dashed line correspond to the regression line.
Conclusions
A significant increase in viscous energy loss (EL) is found in LV diastolic inflow of repaired-AVSD patients compared to healthy controls. This corresponded to higher levels of kinetic energy (KE) than controls. This parallel increase over diastole results in a ratio balance between EL and average KE comparable to controls. This could potentially be a mechanism of the heart to respond to the elevated levels of energy loss in the LV. This is one of the first in vivo studies to quantify and show the association between KE and EL from 4D Flow MRI. Further studies are needed to determine the impact of increased energy loss on cardiac function on the long term.
Funding
MSM ElBaz and J.J.M. Westenberg are financially supported by a grant from the Dutch Technology Foundation (STW) project number 11626.
E.E. Calkoen is financially supported by a grant from the Willem-Alexander Kinder- en Jeugdfonds, M.S.
Authors’ Affiliations
References
- Calkoen : JMRI. 2014Google Scholar
- Barker , Alex J: MRM. 2013Google Scholar
Copyright
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.