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Myocardial Perfusion Reserve but not fibrosis predicts outcomes in initially asymptomatic patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis: the PRognostic Importance of MIcrovascular Dysfunction in AS study- PRIMID AS
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance volume 18, Article number: O36 (2016)
Background
The timing of surgery in asymptomatic patients with aortic stenosis (AS) is controversial. Adverse LV remodeling is related to prognosis in AS. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can identify diffuse and focal myocardial fibrosis, by T1 mapping and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) respectively, as well as myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR), which is inversely related to symptoms and an independent predictor of exercise capacity in severe AS. The aim of this study was to determine whether MPR and other CMR markers of LV remodeling are of prognostic value in asymptomatic AS.
Methods
Asymptomatic patients with moderate to severe AS and matched healthy controls were recruited in this prospective, multi-centre study, and underwent echocardiography and a stress CMR at 3T. CMR analysis was blinded and undertaken in a core lab. Investigations were not reported unless there was a clinical indication. Patients were followed for 12-30 months and outcomes were adjudicated by 2 independent Cardiologists, blinded to test results. Clinical outcome was a composite of: the development of typical symptoms, major adverse cardiovascular events or aortic valve replacement over a median follow-up of 18 months.
Results
174 patients and 23 controls were recruited. Compared to controls, LV volumes, mass, MPR and LGE were significantly different in patients, but there was no significant difference in ECV. 60 patients had a clinical event during follow-up (34.5%). There was no difference in comorbidities between those with and without an outcome. After adjusting for sex: AS severity, MPR, valvulo-arterial impedance and LV mass/volume were univariate predictors of the outcome. CMR measures of fibrosis (LGE, native T1 and ECV) did not predict outcome. On stepwise multivariate analysis, severe AS (HR 0.17 (0.07-0.43) p = 0.0002) and MPR (HR 0.60 (0.40-0.92) p = 0.0197) were independent predictors of outcome.
Conclusions
MPR, but not markers of fibrosis, is a predictor of outcome in initially asymptomatic patients with AS. Further randomized trials are needed to determine whether MPR can improve outcomes in asymptomatic AS.
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Singh, A., Jerosch-Herold, M., Greenwood, J.P. et al. Myocardial Perfusion Reserve but not fibrosis predicts outcomes in initially asymptomatic patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis: the PRognostic Importance of MIcrovascular Dysfunction in AS study- PRIMID AS. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 18 (Suppl 1), O36 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-18-S1-O36
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1532-429X-18-S1-O36
Keywords
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
- Aortic Stenosis
- Asymptomatic Patient
- Late Gadolinium Enhancement
- Aortic Valve Replacement